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Nucleic Acids Research, 1983, Vol. 11, No. 2 277-290
© 1983

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

DNA methylation patterns in the 5S DNAs of Xenopus laevis

Mark A. Sims, Jeffrey L. Doering and Henry D. Hoyle

Department of Biological Science and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Northwestern University Evanstron, IL 60201, USA

Received October 5, 1982. Revised December 17, 1982. Accepted December 17, 1982.

The frequency of cytosine methylation at specific sites in the somatic 5s DNA (Xls) and trace oocyte 5S DNA (Xlt) of X. laevis has been determined using restriction enzymes that are inhibited by the presence of 5-methlcytoisine (5mC) within their cleavage sequences. 5S DNA methlyation patterns were determined in genomic DNA from mature red blood cells, which express neither type of 5S gene, and from liver, which expresses only Xls. All the sites examined in Xls are greater than 95% methylated in red cells and liver. In the Xls of red cells all the sites examined are methylated in greater than 95% of repeats, while in liver some sites are modified in only 90% of repeats. Repeats containing unmethylated sites are randomly distributed throughout the tandem arrays in both red cells and liver. The high levels of methylation for Xls are in marked contrast to the situation with other Xenopus genes which do have sites of significant undermethylation in tissues where they are active. Thus, undermethylation in active genetic regions may not be a general feature for all classes of eukaryotic genes.


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