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Nucleic Acids Research, 1984, Vol. 12, No. 12 4939-4958
© 1984

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Are there major developmentally regulated H4 gene classes in Xenopus?

Hugh R. Woodland, John R. Warmington, J.Elizabeth M. Ballantine and Philip C. Turner*

MRC Developmental Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick Coventry CV47AL *Department of Biochemistry, University of Liverpool PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK

Received March 15, 1984. Revised May 18, 1984. Accepted May 18, 1984.

Primer extension analysis has been used to study the principal H4 mRNAs present at different developmental stages and in several adult tissues of Xenopus borealis and X. laevis. In X. borealis a single sequence class predominates in oocytes, tadpoles and cultured fibroblasts. There is also a polymorphic minor type which shows no developmental regulation. The primer extension bands obtained from adult liver and kidney RNA appear to be the same as ovary and therefore these tissues almost certainly contain the same major H4 mRNA species. This is confirmed by S1 mapping of the 3' end of the raRNA. Thus for H4 genes in X. borealis there is no evidence of the kind of switches in histone gene expression seen in sea urchins or certain protostomes. The situation in X. laevis is complicated by considerably higher gene variability both within and between individuals. Nevertheless, in this species, as in X. borealis, there seems to be no major developmental switch in the regulation of H4 gene expression, a conclusion that also holds for an HlC and an H3 gene.


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