Nucleic Acids Research, 1984, Vol. 12, No. 2 857-872
© 1984
SURVEYS AND SUMMARIES |
Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
Received November 15, 1983. Accepted November 21, 1983.
5'-Noncoding sequences have been tabulated for 211 messenger R'JAs from higher eukaryotic cells. The 5'-proximal AUG triplet serves as the initiator codon in 95% of the mRNAs examined. The most conspicuous conserved feature is the presence of a purine (most often A) three nucleotides upstream from the AUG initiator codon; only 6 of the mRNAs in the survey have a pyrimidine in that position. There is a predominance of C in positions –1, –2, –4 and –5, just upstream from the initiator codon. The sequence 
(G) thus emerges as a consensus sequence for eukaryotic initiation sites. The extent to which the ribosome binding site in a given mRNA matches the –1 to –5 consensus sequence varies: more than half of the mRNAs in the tabulation have 3 or 4 nucleotides in common with the CCACC consensus, but only ten mRNAs conform perfectly.
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