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Nucleic Acids Research, 1987, Vol. 15, No. 17 7155-7174
© 1987


Articles

RNA splice junctions of different classes of eukaryotes: sequence statistics and functional implications in gene expression

Marvin B. Shapiro and Periannan Senapathy

Laboratory of Statistical and Mathematical Methodology, Division of Computer Research and Technology, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

Received February 19, 1987. Revised August 10, 1987. Accepted August 10, 1987.

A systematic analysis of the RNA splice junction sequences of eukaryotic protein coding genes was carried out using the GENBANK databank. Nucleotide frequencies obtained for the highly conserved regions around the splice sites for different categories of organisms closely agree with each other. A striking similarity among the rare splice junctions which do not contain AG at the 3' splice site or GT at the 5' splice site indicates the existence of special mechanisms to recognize them, and that these unique signals may be involved in crucial gene-regulation events and in differentiation. A method was developed to predict potential exons in a bare sequence, using a scoring and ranking scheme based on nucleotide weight tables. This method was used to find a majority of the exons in selected known genes, and also predicted potential new exons which may be used in alternative splicing situations.


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Expression analysis of an FGFR2 IIIc 5' splice site mutation (1084+3A->G)
J. Med. Genet., August 1, 2004; 41(8): e108 - e108.
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RNAHome page
H. ITOH, T. WASHIO, and M. TOMITA
Computational comparative analyses of alternative splicing regulation using full-length cDNA of various eukaryotes
RNA, July 1, 2004; 10(7): 1005 - 1018.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
W. Ding, S. Bellusci, W. Shi, and D. Warburton
Genomic structure and promoter characterization of the human Sprouty4 gene, a novel regulator of lung morphogenesis
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2004; 287(1): L52 - L59.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. P. Hardy and L. A. J. O'Neill
The Murine Irak2 Gene Encodes Four Alternatively Spliced Isoforms, Two of Which Are Inhibitory
J. Biol. Chem., June 25, 2004; 279(26): 27699 - 27708.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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NEJMHome page
M. Schuelke, K. R. Wagner, L. E. Stolz, C. Hubner, T. Riebel, W. Komen, T. Braun, J. F. Tobin, and S.-J. Lee
Myostatin Mutation Associated with Gross Muscle Hypertrophy in a Child
N. Engl. J. Med., June 24, 2004; 350(26): 2682 - 2688.
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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
N. C. H. Kerr, F. E. Holmes, and D. Wynick
Novel Isoforms of the Sodium Channels Nav1.8 and Nav1.5 Are Produced by a Conserved Mechanism in Mouse and Rat
J. Biol. Chem., June 4, 2004; 279(23): 24826 - 24833.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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RNAHome page
I. CARMEL, S. TAL, I. VIG, and G. AST
Comparative analysis detects dependencies among the 5' splice-site positions
RNA, May 1, 2004; 10(5): 828 - 840.
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JCOHome page
D. H. Choi, M. H. Lee, A. E. Bale, D. Carter, and B. G. Haffty
Incidence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations in Young Korean Breast Cancer Patients
J. Clin. Oncol., May 1, 2004; 22(9): 1638 - 1645.
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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
M. Sironi, G. Menozzi, L. Riva, R. Cagliani, G. P. Comi, N. Bresolin, R. Giorda, and U. Pozzoli
Silencer elements as possible inhibitors of pseudoexon splicing
Nucleic Acids Res., March 19, 2004; 32(5): 1783 - 1791.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
M. Freund, C. Asang, S. Kammler, C. Konermann, J. Krummheuer, M. Hipp, I. Meyer, W. Gierling, S. Theiss, T. Preuss, et al.
A novel approach to describe a U1 snRNA binding site
Nucleic Acids Res., December 1, 2003; 31(23): 6963 - 6975.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Genome ResHome page
X. H-F. Zhang, K. A. Heller, I. Hefter, C. S. Leslie, and L. A. Chasin
Sequence Information for the Splicing of Human Pre-mRNA Identified by Support Vector Machine Classification
Genome Res., December 1, 2003; 13(12): 2637 - 2650.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Hum Mol GenetHome page
K. Ohno, M. Milone, X.-M. Shen, and A. G. Engel
A frameshifting mutation in CHRNE unmasks skipping of the preceding exon
Hum. Mol. Genet., December 1, 2003; 12(23): 3055 - 3066.
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J. Med. Genet.Home page
E van Wijk, E Krieger, M H Kemperman, E M R De Leenheer, P L M Huygen, C W R J Cremers, F P M Cremers, and H Kremer
A mutation in the gamma actin 1 (ACTG1) gene causes autosomal dominant hearing loss (DFNA20/26)
J. Med. Genet., December 1, 2003; 40(12): 879 - 884.
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Nucleic Acids ResHome page
X. Roca, R. Sachidanandam, and A. R. Krainer
Intrinsic differences between authentic and cryptic 5' splice sites
Nucleic Acids Res., November 1, 2003; 31(21): 6321 - 6333.
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J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
R. Santer, M. Kinner, C. L. Lassen, R. Schneppenheim, P. Eggert, M. Bald, J. Brodehl, M. Daschner, J. H.H. Ehrich, M. Kemper, et al.
Molecular Analysis of the SGLT2 Gene in Patients with Renal Glucosuria
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2003; 14(11): 2873 - 2882.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Med. Genet.Home page
A Todorova, B Halliger-Keller, M C Walter, M-C Dabauvalle, H Lochmuller, and C R Muller
A synonymous codon change in the LMNA gene alters mRNA splicing and causes limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B
J. Med. Genet., October 1, 2003; 40(10): e115 - 115.
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Hum Mol GenetHome page
I. Aznarez, E. M. Chan, J. Zielenski, B. J. Blencowe, and L.-C. Tsui
Characterization of disease-associated mutations affecting an exonic splicing enhancer and two cryptic splice sites in exon 13 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene
Hum. Mol. Genet., August 15, 2003; 12(16): 2031 - 2040.
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J BiochemHome page
S. Takashima, S. Tsuji, and M. Tsujimoto
Comparison of the Enzymatic Properties of Mouse {beta}-Galactoside {alpha}2,6-Sialyltransferases, ST6Gal I and II
J. Biochem., August 1, 2003; 134(2): 287 - 296.
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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
L. J. Worrillow, L. B. Travis, A. G. Smith, S. Rollinson, A. J. Smith, C. P. Wild, E. J. Holowaty, B. A. Kohler, T. Wiklund, E. Pukkala, et al.
An Intron Splice Acceptor Polymorphism in hMSH2 and Risk of Leukemia after Treatment with Chemotherapeutic Alkylating Agents
Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2003; 9(8): 3012 - 3020.
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BloodHome page
K. Borensztajn, M.-L. Sobrier, A.-M. Fischer, O. Chafa, S. Amselem, and J. Tapon-Bretaudiere
Factor VII gene intronic mutation in a lethal factor VII deficiency: effects on splice-site selection
Blood, July 15, 2003; 102(2): 561 - 563.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Med. Genet.Home page
A De Sandre-Giovannoli, M Chaouch, I Boccaccio, R Bernard, V Delague, D Grid, J M Vallat, N Levy, and A Megarbane
Phenotypic and genetic exploration of severe demyelinating and secondary axonal neuropathies resulting from GDAP1 nonsense and splicing mutations
J. Med. Genet., July 1, 2003; 40(7): e87 - 87.
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J. Med. Genet.Home page
A S Ramalho, S Beck, D Penque, T Gonska, H H Seydewitz, M Mall, and M D Amaral
Transcript analysis of the cystic fibrosis splicing mutation 1525-1G>A shows use of multiple alternative splicing sites and suggests a putative role of exonic splicing enhancers
J. Med. Genet., July 1, 2003; 40(7): e88 - 88.
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