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Nucleic Acids Research, 1988, Vol. 16, No. 20 9527-9543
© 1988

Articles

CpG islands of the X chromosome are gene associated

Myriam Alcaiay+ and Daniela Toniolo1,*

International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR Via Marconi 10, 80125 Naples 1Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica, CNR Via Abbiategrasso, 207 Pavia, Italy

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Received July 26, 1988. Accepted September 15, 1988.

Unmethylated CpG rich islands are a feature of vertebrate DNA: they are associated with housekeeping and many tissue specific genes. CpG islands on the active X chromosome of mammals are also unmethylated. However, islands on the inactive X chromosome are heavily methylated. We have identified a CpG island in the 5' region of the G6PD gene, and two islands forty Kb 3' from the G6PD gene, on the human X chromosome. Expression of the G6PD gene is associated with concordant demethylation of all three CpG islands. We have shown that one of the two islands is in the promoter region of a housekeeping gene, GdX. In this paper we show that the second CpG island is also associated with a gene, P3. The P3 gene has no homology to previously described genes. It is a single copy, 4 kb gene, conserved in evolution, and it has the features of a housekeepin two genes is with in the CpG island and that sequences in the islands have promoter function.

+Present address: Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, Istituto di Clinica Medica I, Policlinico Monteluce, 06100 Perugia, Italy


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