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Nucleic Acids Research, 1988, Vol. 16, No. 8 3223-3238
© 1988

Articles

Different regulatory elements are required for cell-type and stage specific expression of the Xenopus laevis skeletal muscle actin gene upon injection in X.laevis oocytes and embryos

Herbert Steinbeisser, Ansgar Hofmann, Françoise Stutz1,* and Michael F. Trendelenburg

Institut für experimentelle Pathologie Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG 1Université de Genève, Laboratoire Biologie Moléculaire CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland

Received January 18, 1988. Accepted March 8, 1988.

In the present study, we demonstrate by transcript mapping that the injected Xenopus skeletal muscle {alpha}-actin gene is transcribed and spliced in Xenopus oocytes but not correctly initiated at the {alpha}-actin promoter. This leads to correctly spliced transcripts even if constructs without putative promoter sequences are injected. On the other hand, {alpha}-actin transcripts are translated in injected oocytes as shown by the detection of {alpha}-actin protein. By contrast, correctly initiated {alpha}-actin transcripts can be found in neurula embryos when the injected clone contains 5' flanking sequences extending from +27 to –680. {alpha}-actin gene fragments without the 680 nucleotides 5' flanking region are activated unspecifically after midblastula transition, whereas the clones carrying this region are activated correctly at the end of gastrulation. Cell type specific expression seems to be modulated by sequences within the transcribed region.

*Present address: Friedrich Miescher Institute, PO Box 2543, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland


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