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Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, Vol. 18, No. 11 3371-3375
© 1990

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Gross rearrangements within the 5'-untranslated region of the picornaviral genomes

Evgeny V. Pilipenko, Vladimir M. Blinov and Vadim I. Agol

Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow Region 142782 and Moscow State University Moscow 119899, USSR

Received November 9, 1989. Accepted January 15, 1990.

An analysis of reported nucleotide sequences revealed several cases of gross rearrangements in the 5'-untranslated region (5-UTR) of picornaviral genomes. A large (<100 nt) duplication was discovered in a downstream region of poliovirus 5-UTR involved in the translational control. Properties of the poliovirus mutants with large deletions ]Kuge and Nomoto (1987) J. Virol. 61,1478 –1487] show that a single copy of them appropriate repeating unit is compatible with a wild type phenotype of the virus. In contrast to poliovirus and another enterovirus genomes, human rhinovirus RNAs contain only a single copy of this repeating unit. Another similarly large repeat was found in an upstream segment of the bovine enterovirus 5-UTR. A comparison of the primary and secondary structures of cardio- and aphthovirus 5-UTRs demonstrated the existence of a large (ca. 250 nucleotides) insertion/deletion in a region preceding the poly(C) tract. The two latter rearrangements appear to involve elements of the viral genome replication machinery. Possible origin as well as evolutionary and functional implications of these structural peculiarities are discussed.


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