Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, Vol. 18, No. 12 3587-3596
© 1990
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY |
Advanced mammalian gene transfer: high titre retroviral vectors with multiple drug selection markers and a complementary helper-free packaging cell line
Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields London WC2A 3PX, UK
*To whom correspondence should be addressed
Received February 19, 1990. Revised May 7, 1990. Accepted May 7, 1990.
We report the development of an advanced system for transfer and expression of exogenous genes in mammalian cells based on Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo MuLV). Extensive deletion/mutagenesis analysis to identify cis-acting signals involved in virus transmission has led to the design of a family of novel, highly efficient retroviral vectors and a partner helper-free packaging cell line. The pBabe retroviral vector constructs transmit inserted genes at high titres and express them from the Mo MuLV Long Terminal Repeat (LTR). Each of these vectors has been constructed with one of four different dominantly acting selectable markers, allowing the growth of infected mammalian cells in the presence of G418, hygromycin B, bleomycin/phleomycin or puromycin, respectively. The high titre ecotropic helper free packaging cell line,
E, was designed in conjunction with the pBabe vectors to reduce the risk of generation of wild type Mo MuLV via homologous recombination events. The
E cell line was generated with separate gagpol and ecotropic env expression constructs with minimal sequence overlap and decreased sequence homology achieved by codon wobbling. Homologous env coding sequences were deleted from the pBabe vectors without diminishing recombinant vector titre. Together, the pBabe vectors and
E cell line should prove useful in experiments where highest frequencies of gene transfer, or concomitant expression of several different genes within a single cell are required with minimal risk of helper virus contamination.
+Present address: ImmuLogic Pharmaceutical Corp., Bldg. 600, 1 Kendall Sq., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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M. V. Li, B. Chang, M. Imamura, N. Poungvarin, and L. Chan Glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by an evolutionarily conserved glucose-sensing module. Diabetes, May 1, 2006; 55(5): 1179 - 1189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Gregor, A. Zeold, S. Oehler, K. A. Marobela, P. Fuchs, G. Weigel, D. G. Hardie, and G. Wiche Plectin scaffolds recruit energy-controlling AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in differentiated myofibres J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2006; 119(9): 1864 - 1875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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L. Gray, M. J. Churchill, N. Keane, J. Sterjovski, A. M. Ellett, D. F. J. Purcell, P. Poumbourios, C. Kol, B. Wang, N. K. Saksena, et al. Genetic and Functional Analysis of R5X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoproteins Derived from Two Individuals Homozygous for the CCR5{Delta}32 Allele. J. Virol., April 1, 2006; 80(7): 3684 - 3691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Zebisch, P. B. Staber, A. Delavar, C. Bodner, K. Hiden, K. Fischereder, M. Janakiraman, W. Linkesch, H. W. Auner, W. Emberger, et al. Two Transforming C-RAF Germ-Line Mutations Identified in Patients with Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res., April 1, 2006; 66(7): 3401 - 3408. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. E. Pennini, R. K. Pai, D. C. Schultz, W. H. Boom, and C. V. Harding Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kDa Lipoprotein Inhibits IFN-{gamma}-Induced Chromatin Remodeling of MHC2TA by TLR2 and MAPK Signaling J. Immunol., April 1, 2006; 176(7): 4323 - 4330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C.-T. Kuan, K. Wakiya, J. M. Dowell, J. E. Herndon II, D. A. Reardon, M. W. Graner, G. J. Riggins, C. J. Wikstrand, and D. D. Bigner Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B, a potential molecular therapeutic target in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2006; 12(7): 1970 - 1982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Kobayashi, T. Wang, M. Maezawa, M. Kobayashi, S. Ohnishi, K. Hatanaka, S. Hige, Y. Shimizu, M. Kato, M. Asaka, et al. Overexpression of the Oncoprotein Prothymosin {alpha} Triggers a p53 Response that Involves p53 Acetylation. Cancer Res., March 15, 2006; 66(6): 3137 - 3144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. Jounaidi, C.-S. Chen, G. J. Veal, and D. J. Waxman Enhanced antitumor activity of P450 prodrug-based gene therapy using the low Km cyclophosphamide 4-hydroxylase P450 2B11. Mol. Cancer Ther., March 1, 2006; 5(3): 541 - 555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Takaoka, C. E. Smith, M. K. Mashiba, T. Okawa, C. D. Andl, W. S. El-Deiry, and H. Nakagawa EGF-mediated regulation of IGFBP-3 determines esophageal epithelial cellular response to IGF-I Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, February 1, 2006; 290(2): G404 - G416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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L. K. Henry, J. R. Field, E. M. Adkins, M. L. Parnas, R. A. Vaughan, M.-F. Zou, A. H. Newman, and R. D. Blakely Tyr-95 and Ile-172 in Transmembrane Segments 1 and 3 of Human Serotonin Transporters Interact to Establish High Affinity Recognition of Antidepressants J. Biol. Chem., January 27, 2006; 281(4): 2012 - 2023. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. E. Boyd, Y.-Y. Xiao, K. Fan, A. Poholek, N. G. Copeland, N. A. Jenkins, and A. S. Perkins Sox4 cooperates with Evi1 in AKXD-23 myeloid tumors via transactivation of proviral LTR Blood, January 15, 2006; 107(2): 733 - 741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Gebhardt, M. Frye, S. Herold, S. A. Benitah, K. Braun, B. Samans, F. M. Watt, H.-P. Elsasser, and M. Eilers Myc regulates keratinocyte adhesion and differentiation via complex formation with Miz1 J. Cell Biol., January 3, 2006; 172(1): 139 - 149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Silla, I. Haal, J. Geimanen, K. Janikson, A. Abroi, E. Ustav, and M. Ustav Episomal Maintenance of Plasmids with Hybrid Origins in Mouse Cells J. Virol., December 15, 2005; 79(24): 15277 - 15288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. C. Guess and D. J. McCance Decreased Migration of Langerhans Precursor-Like Cells in Response to Human Keratinocytes Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6/E7 Is Related to Reduced Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3{alpha} Production J. Virol., December 1, 2005; 79(23): 14852 - 14862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. S. Nadella and L. S. Kirschner Disruption of Protein Kinase A Regulation Causes Immortalization and Dysregulation of D-Type Cyclins Cancer Res., November 15, 2005; 65(22): 10307 - 10315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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B. Freche, P. Guillaumot, J. Charmetant, L. Pelletier, C. Luquain, D. Christiansen, M. Billaud, and S. N. Manie Inducible Dimerization of RET Reveals a Specific AKT Deregulation in Oncogenic Signaling J. Biol. Chem., November 4, 2005; 280(44): 36584 - 36591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. L. Graham, A. C. Sims, S. M. Brockway, R. S. Baric, and M. R. Denison The nsp2 Replicase Proteins of Murine Hepatitis Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Are Dispensable for Viral Replication J. Virol., November 1, 2005; 79(21): 13399 - 13411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. Schelcher, S. Valencia, H.-J. Delecluse, M. Hicks, and A. J. Sinclair Mutation of a Single Amino Acid Residue in the Basic Region of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Lytic Cycle Switch Protein Zta (BZLF1) Prevents Reactivation of EBV from Latency J. Virol., November 1, 2005; 79(21): 13822 - 13828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. M. Gordon, N. Alon, and M. Buchwald FANCC, FANCE, and FANCD2 Form a Ternary Complex Essential to the Integrity of the Fanconi Anemia DNA Damage Response Pathway J. Biol. Chem., October 28, 2005; 280(43): 36118 - 36125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. J. Barnes, D. Palaiologou, E. Panousopoulou, B. Schultheis, A. S.M. Yong, A. Wong, L. Pattacini, J. M. Goldman, and J. V. Melo Bcr-Abl Expression Levels Determine the Rate of Development of Resistance to Imatinib Mesylate in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cancer Res., October 1, 2005; 65(19): 8912 - 8919. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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B. Yatsula, S. Lin, A. J. Read, A. Poholek, K. Yates, D. Yue, P. Hui, and A. S. Perkins Identification of Binding Sites of EVI1 in Mammalian Cells J. Biol. Chem., September 2, 2005; 280(35): 30712 - 30722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. E. Cleasby, J. R. Davey, T. A. Reinten, M. W. Graham, D. E. James, E. W. Kraegen, and G. J. Cooney Acute Bidirectional Manipulation of Muscle Glucose Uptake by In Vivo Electrotransfer of Constructs Targeting Glucose Transporter Genes Diabetes, September 1, 2005; 54(9): 2702 - 2711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. S. Boehm, M. T. Hession, S. E. Bulmer, and W. C. Hahn Transformation of Human and Murine Fibroblasts without Viral Oncoproteins Mol. Cell. Biol., August 1, 2005; 25(15): 6464 - 6474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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