Nucleic Acids Research, 1990, Vol. 18, No. 6 1339-1350
© 1990
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY |
A factor binding GATAAG confers tissue specificity on the promoter of the human
-globin gene
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
Received January 25, 1990. Accepted February 5, 1990.
We describe the characterisation of cis-acting sequences which control the tissue specific expression of the human 
globin gene. An extensive search for enhancer sequences in the vicinity of this gene proved negative, instead our data demonstrate that the minimal promoter of the gene is itself tissue specific. Sequences close to and possibly Including the – 100 CACCC and –70 CCAAT boxes display some erythroid specificity. However the principal tissue specific element is a GATAA sequence at –120 directly adjacent to the minimal promoter. Specific deletion of GATAA reduces promoter activity 5 fold in erythroid but not non-erythroid cells. We also demonstrate that an erythroid specific factor binds to this GATAA sequence. Furthermore this factor forms a complex with the transcription factor CP1 which we show interacts with the CCAAT box. We present evidence that the GATAA binding factor is equivalent to GF1 recently purified and cloned by Tsai et al [1]. The erythroid specific GATAA sequence has been found in the promoters and enhancers of a number of erythroid specific genes. Similarly we show here that the giobin gene relies on a GATAA sequence in its promoter to specify Its expression in erythroid cells.
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