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Nucleic Acids Research, 1992, Vol. 20, No. 14 3585-3590
© 1992

METHODS

Atomic force microscopy of single-and double-stranded DNA

Helen G. Hansma, Robert L. Sinsheimer, Min-Qian Li1 and Paul K. Hansma2

Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA 1Department of Biological Science, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA 2Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research Academia Sinica, Shanghai 201800, China

Received May 1, 1992. Accepted June 25, 1992.

A method has been developed for Imaging single-stranded DNA with the atomic force microscope (AFM). {pi}x174 single-stranded DNA In formaldehyde on mica can be imaged in the AFM under propanoi or butanol or in air. Measured lengths of most molecules are on the order of 1 µ, although occasionally more extended molecules with lengths of 1.7 to 1.9 µ are seen. Single-stranded DNA in the AFM generally appears lumpier than double-stranded DNA, even when extended. Images of double-stranded lambda DNA in the AFM show more sharp kinks and bends than are typically observed in the electron microscope. Dense, aggregated fields of double-stranded plasmlds can be converted by gentle rinsing with hot water to well spread fields.


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