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Nucleic Acids Research, 1992, Vol. 20, No. 7 1491-1496
© 1992

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Cloning and characterization of chromosome breakpoints of Plasmodium falciparum: breakage and new telomere formation occurs frequently and randomly in subtelomeric genes

Artur Scherf and Denise Mattei

Unité de Parasitologie Expérimental, CNRS URA 361, Institut Pasteur 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France

Received January 31, 1992. Revised March 12, 1992. Accepted March 12, 1992.

We analysed the genetic stability of two subtelomeric genes of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium faicipamm. A PCR based assay, using a telomere and a target-gene specific primer was used to detect potential chromosome rearrangements. We show that chromosome breakage and the formation of new teiomeres occur frequently in the two genes coding for histidine rich proteins (HRP I and HRP II) in laboratory isolates, but remains undetectable in clinical parasite isolates. This finding suggests an essential role of these genes in vivo and that chromosome breakage is rather an accidental process than a programmed chromosome fragmentation. Cloning and sequencing of 8 chromosome breakpoints of the HRP II gene from one parasite isolate shows that the breakage occurs within a broad region in which new telomere formation appear to take place at random sites. Furthermore, this analysis revealed no obvious sequence similarities of sites of telomere addition. Finally, we show that an Irregular pattern of heterogeneous telomere repeats is added at each broken end and that each healed chromosome contains a distinct pattern of repeats. We discuss a model for telomere formation in P. falciparum.


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