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Nucleic Acids Research, 1993, Vol. 21, No. 15 3445-3450
© 1993

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Cytosine methylation inhibits replication of African cassava mosaic virus by two distinct mechanisms

Genadij Ermark+, Uta Paszkowski§, Markus Wohlmuth§, Orturn Mittlesten Scheid§ and Jerzy Paszkowski*

Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH-Zurich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Swilzerland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Friedrich Miescher Institute, PO Box 2543, 4002 Basel, Switzerlsnd

Received April 26, 1993. Revised June 21, 1993. Accepted June 21, 1993.

Extrachromosomally replicating viral DNA is usually free of cytosine methylation and viral templates methylated in vitro are poor substrates when used in replication assays. We have investigated the mechanism of inhibition of viral replication by DNA methylation using as a model the DNA A of African cassava mosaic virus. We have constructed two component helper systems which allow for separation of the transcriptional inhibition of viral genes necessary for replication from replication inhibition due to altered interaction between the replication complex and methylated viral DNA. Our results suggest that methylation-mediated reduction of viral replication is due to both repression mechanisms and that this provides two independent selection pressures for the maintenance of methylation-free replicons in infected cells.

+Present address: Institute of Genetics and Cytology, F. Scorina 27, 220734 Minsk, Whiterussia, USSR

§Present address: Friedrich Miescher Institute, PO Box 2543, 4002 Basel, Switzerland


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