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Nucleic Acids Research, 1994, Vol. 22, No. 13 2532-2537
© 1994

RNA

Self-splicing group I introns in eukaryotic viruses

Takashi Yamada*, Koichiro Tamura, Tadanori Aimi and Puttaporn Songsri

Department of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 724, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Received April 8, 1994. Revised May 31, 1994. Accepted May 31, 1994.

We report the occurrence of self-splicing group I introns in viruses that infect the eukaryotic green alga Chlorella. The introns contained all the conserved features of primary sequence and secondary structure previously described for the group IB introns. The Chlorella viral introns ({small tilde}400 nt) self-spliced in vitro, yielding the typical group I intron splicing intermediates and products. Contrasting to eukaryotic nuclear group I introns, all of which are located in the rRNA genes, these introns were inserted in genes encoding proteins. In one case, the exons encoded a protein showing significant homology to the eukaryotic transcription factor Sll (TFIIS), which may beimportant for viral gene expression. In another case, the gene for the open reading frame (ORF) of a 14.2 kDa polypeptide with unknown functions contained the intron. Scattered distribution of these introns among the viral species and their structural similarity to the group I introns of algae and protists indicated horizontal intron transmission. These eukaryotic viral introns offer an opportunity to understand how group I introns reach organisms of different phylogenetic kingdoms.


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