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Nucleic Acids Research, 1994, Vol. 22, No. 16 3339-3346
© 1994

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

DNA binding and bending properties of the postmeiotically expressed Sry-related protein Sox-5

Frances Connor, Peter D. Cary1, Christopher M. Read1, Nicola S. Preston1, Paul C. Driscoll2, Paul Denny+, Colyn Crane-Robinson1 and Alan Ashworth*

CRC Centre for Cell and Molecular Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB 1Biophysics Laboratories, University of Portsmouth Portsmouth PO1 2DT 2Department of Biochemistry and OCMS, University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 3QU, UK

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Received June 9, 1994. Revised July 15, 1994. Accepted July 15, 1994.

Sox-5 is one of a family of genes which show homology to the HMG box region of the testis determining gene SRY. We have used indirect immunofluorescence to show that Sox-5 protein is localized to the nucleus of post-meiotic round spermatids in the mouse testis. In vitro footprinting and gel retardation assays demonstrate that Sox-5 binds specifically to the sequence AACAAT with moderately high affinity (Kd of {small tilde}10–9 M). Moreover, interaction of Sox-5 with its target DNA induces a significant bend in the DNA, characteristic of HMG box proteins. Circular dichroism spectroscopy of the Sox-5 HMG box and its specific complex with DNA shows an alteration in the DNA spectrum, perhaps as a consequence of DNA bending, but none in the protein spectrum on complex formation. The dependence of the change in the CD spectrum with protein to DNA ratio demonstrates the formation of a 1:1 complex. Analysis of the structure of the Sox-5 HMG box by 2D NMR suggests that both the location of helical secondary structure as well as the tertiary structure is similar to that of HMG1 box 2.

+Present address: Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK


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