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Nucleic Acids Research, 1994, Vol. 22, No. 7 1202-1207
© 1994


MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

A distinct class of homeodomain proteins is encoded by two sequentially expressed Drosophila genes from the 93D/E cluster

Krzysztof Jagla, Irina Stanceva+, Guy Dretzen, Françis Bellard and Maria Bellard*

Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Eukaryotes du CNRS, Unité 184 de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génie Génétique de I'INSERM, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Faculté de Médecine 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Received December 22, 1993. Revised February 23, 1994. Accepted February 23, 1994.

Homeodomains appear to be one of the most frequently employed DNA-blndlng domains in a superfamily of transacting factors. It is likely that during evolution several sub-types of homeodomain have evolved from a common ancestral domain, resulting in distinct but closely related DNA-blnding preferences. Here we describe the conservation of a distinct type of homeodomain encoded by the Drosophila lady-bird-late (Ibl) gene, previously named nkch4 (1). Using degenerate PCR primers corresponding to the most divergent regions of the first and third helix of the Lbl homeodomain we have amplified, from genomic DNA of the fly, a lady-blrd-Uke homeobox fragment. The Drosophila PCR products contained both the lbl (1) and a highly related homeobox sequence, which we named ladybird-early (Ibe). This new Drosophila gene resides directly upstream to Ibl and together with tinman/NK4 (2, 3, 4, 5), bagplpe/NK3 (2, 4) S59/NK1 (4, 6) and 93Bal (7) compose the 93D/E homeobox gene cluster. Ibe and Ibl are transcribed from the same strand and In a temporal order corresponding to their 5' – 3' chromosomal location. Transcripts of both genes are found in the eplderm of Drosophila embryos, in cells known to express a segment polarity gene wingless (8), and their spatial and temporal collnearity of expression strongly suggests that they cooperate during segmentation. The amlno-acid composition of both Lady-bird homeo-domains differ from that of Antp-type at several positions involved in DNA recognition. These substitutions appear to modify DNA-binding preferences since Lbl homeodomain is unable to recognize the most common homeodomain binding TAAT motif in gel retardation experiments.


+Present address: Institut fur Zellbiologie, ETH-Honggerberg. CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland


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