Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 24, Issue 10 1954-1962, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
DR Gallie, NJ Lewis and WF Marzluff
The metazoan cell cycle-regulated histone mRNAs are the only known cellular
mRNAs that do not terminate in a poly(A) tall. Instead, mammalian histone
mRNAs terminate in a highly conserved stem-loop structure which is required
for 3'-end processing and regulates mRNA stability. The poly(A) tail not
only regulates translational efficiency and mRNA stability but is required
for the function of the cap in translation (m(7)GpppN). We show that the
histone terminal stem-loop is functionally similar to a poly(A) tail in
that it enhances translational efficiency and is co-dependent on a cap in
order to establish an efficient level of translation. The histone stem-loop
is sufficient and necessary to increase the translation of reporter mRNA in
transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells but must be positioned at the
3'-terminus in order to function optimally. Mutations within the conserved
stem or loop regions reduced its ability to facilitate translation. All
histone mRNAs in higher plants are polyadenylated. The histone stem-loop
did not function to influence translational efficiency or mRNA stability in
plant protoplasts. These data demonstrate that the histone stem/loop
directs efficient translation and that it is functionally analogous to a
poly(A) tail.
ARTICLES
The histone 3'-terminal stem-loop is necessary for translation in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0129, USA.
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