Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 24, Issue 16 3134-3141, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
JL Riechmann, M Wang and EM Meyerowitz
The MADS domain proteins APETALA1 (AP1), APETALA3 (AP3), PISTILLATA (PI),
and AGAMOUS (AG) specify the identity of Arabidopsis floral organs. AP1 and
AG homocomplexes and AP3-PI heterocomplexes bind to CArG-box sequences. The
DNA-binding properties of these complexes were investigated. We find that
AP1, AG and AP3-PI are all capable of recognizing the same DNA-binding
sites, although with somewhat different affinities. In addition, the three
complexes induce similar conformational changes on a CArG-box sequence.
Phasing analysis reveals that the induced distortion is DNA bending,
oriented toward the minor groove. The molecular dissection of AP1, AP3, PI
and AG indicates that the boundaries of the dimerization domains of these
proteins vary. The regions required to form a DNA-binding complex include,
in addition to the MADS box, the entire L region (which follows the MADS
box) and the first putative amphipathic helix of the K box in the case of
AP3-PI, while for AP1 and AG only a part of the L region is needed. The
similarity of the DNA-binding properties of AP1, AP3-PI and AG is discussed
with regard to the biological specificity that these proteins exhibit.
ARTICLES
DNA-binding properties of Arabidopsis MADS domain homeotic proteins APETALA1, APETALA3, PISTILLATA and AGAMOUS
Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA.
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