Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 24, Issue 18 3552-3559, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
R Maraia, AL Sakulich, E Brinkmann and ED Green
Ro ribonucleoproteins are composed of Y RNAs and the Ro 60 kDa protein.
While the Ro 60 kDa protein is implicated in an RNA discard pathway that
recognizes 3'-extended 5S rRNAs, the function of Y RNAs remains unknown
[O'Brien,C.A. and Wolin,S.L. (1995) Genes Dev. 8,2891-2903]. Y5 RNA
occupies a large fraction of Ro 60 kDa protein in human Ro RNPs, contains
an atypical 3'-extension not found on other Y RNAs, and constitutes an RNA
antigen in certain autoimmune patients [Boulanger et al. (1995) Clin. Exp.
Immunol. 99, 29-36]. An overabundance of Y RNA retroposed pseudogenes has
previously complicated the isolation of mammalian Y RNA genes. The source
gene for Y5 RNA was isolated from human DNA as well as from Galago
senegalis DNA. Authenticity of the hY5 RNA gene was demonstrated in vivo
and its activity was compared with the hY4 RNA gene that also uses a type 3
promoter for RNA polymerase III. The hY5 RNA gene was subsequently found to
reside within a few hundred thousand base pairs of other Y RNA genes and
the linear order of the four human Y RNA genes on chromosome 7q36 was
determined. Phylogenetic comparative analyses of promoter and RNA structure
indicate that the Y5 RNA gene has been subjected to positive selection
during primate evolution. Consistent with the proposal of O'Brien and
Harley [O'Brian,C.A. and Wolin,S.L. (1992) Gene 116, 285-289], analysis of
flanking sequences suggest that the hY5 RNA gene may have originated as a
retroposon.
ARTICLES
Gene encoding human Ro-associated autoantigen Y5 RNA
Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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