Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 24, Issue 20 3911-3917, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
J Duhamel, DM Liu, C Evilia, N Fleysh, G Dinter-Gottlieb and P Lu
The Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) ribozyme self-cleaving activity in 20 M
formamide solutions is unique. Does this catalytic activity result from the
conservation of its tertiary structure in 20 M formamide? We followed the
ribozyme structure in formamide solutions by monitoring the amount of bound
Ethidium Bromide (EB). We were able to measure the quantity of dye bound
using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, as an estimate of the
ribozyme double helical content. This method, calibrated by using
oligonucleotides with defined tertiary structure and denaturing solvents,
parallels NMR and UV measurements as a function of temperature.
Measurements with the HDV ribozyme lead to three conclusions: (a) both the
precursor and product RNAs are structured to 24 M (95% w/w) formamide or 4
M H2O solutions which is equivalent to 4 M H2O; (b) the HDV ribozyme is the
only RNA sequence investigated in this study that retains so much structure
in formamide; and (c) DNA analogs of formamide resistant HDV ribozyme
sequences lose their structure at less than 15 M formamide. Thus, the
structural integrity of the HDV ribozyme is an intrinsic property of the
RNA molecule and its sequence.
ARTICLES
Secondary structure content of the HDV ribozyme in 95% formamide
Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
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