Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 24, Issue 21 4139-4145, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
D Trouche, A Cook and T Kouzarides
The cell cycle-regulating transcription factors E2F1/DP1 activate genes
whose products are required for S phase progression. During most of the G1
phase, E2F1/DP1 activity is repressed by the retinoblastoma gene product
RB, which directly contacts the E2F1 activation domain and silences it. The
E2F1 activation domain has sequence similarity to the N-terminal activation
domain of E1A(12S), which contains binding sites for CBP as well as RB.
Here, we present evidence that the CBP protein directly contacts E2F1/DP1
and stimulates its activation capacity. We show that CBP interacts with the
activation domain of E2F1 both in vitro and in vivo. Deletion of four
residues from the E2F1 activation domain reduces CBP binding as well as
transcriptional activation, but still allows the binding of RB and MDM2.
This deletion removes residues which are conserved in the N-terminal
activation domain of E1A and which are required for the binding of CBP to
E1A. When the E1A N- terminus is used as a competitor in squelshing
experiments it abolishes CBP-induced activation of E2F1/DP1, whereas an E1A
mutant lacking CBP binding ability fails to do so. These results indicate
that CBP can act as a coactivator for E2F1 and suggest that CBP recognises
a similar motif within the E1A and E2F1 activation domains. The convergence
of the RB and CBP pathways on the regulation of E2F1 activity may explain
the cooperativity displayed by these proteins in mediating the biological
functions of E1A. We propose a model in which E1A activates E2F not only by
removing the RB repression but also by providing the CBP co-activator.
ARTICLES
The CBP co-activator stimulates E2F1/DP1 activity
Wellcome/CRC Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.
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