Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 25, Issue 10 1943-1949, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
H Kang and I Tinoco Jr
A single A-->G mutation that changes a potential A.U base pair to a G.U
pair at the junction of the stems and loops of a non-frameshifting
pseudoknot dramatically increases its frameshifting efficiency in mouse
mammary tumor virus. The structure of the non-frameshifting pseudoknot APK
has been found to be very different from that of pseudoknots that cause
efficient frameshifting [Kang,H., Hines,J.V. and Tinoco,I. (1995) J. Mol.
Biol. , 259, 135-147]. The 3-dimensional structure of the mutant pseudoknot
was determined by restrained molecular dynamics based on NMR-derived
interproton distance and torsion angle constraints. One striking feature of
the mutant pseudoknot compared with the parent pseudoknot is that a G.U
base pair forms at the top of stem 2, thus leaving only 1 nt at the
junction of the two stems. The conformation is very different from that of
the previously determined non-frameshifting parent pseudoknot, which lacks
the A.U base pair at the top of the stem and has 2 nt between the stems.
However, the conformation is quite similar to that of efficient
frameshifting pseudoknots whose structures were previously determined by
NMR. A single adenylate residue intervenes between the two stems and
interrupts their coaxial stacking. This unpaired nucleotide produces a bent
structure. The structural similarity among the efficient frameshifting
pseudoknots indicates that a specific conformation is required for
ribosomal frameshifting, further implying a specific interaction of the
pseudoknot with the ribosome.
ARTICLES
A mutant RNA pseudoknot that promotes ribosomal frameshifting in mouse mammary tumor virus
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720- 1460, USA.
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