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Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 25, Issue 4 7-14, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press

ARTICLES

Role of proofreading and mismatch repair in maintaining the stability of nucleotide repeats in DNA

BS Strauss, D Sagher and S Acharya
Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago , IL 60637, USA

The role of the proofreading exonuclease in maintaining the stability of multiply repeated units in DNA was studied inEscherichia coli. Reversion of plasmids in which thebeta-galactosidasealphacomplementing sequence was moved +2 out of frame by inserts containing (CA)14, (CA)5, (CA)2or (TA)6or +1 by creating a run of 8 C was compared inmutSandmutSdnaQstrains. Proofreading corrects at least half of the frameshift errors for all the plasmids and at least 99% of the errors in the (CA)2plasmid. The (CA)2plasmid reverts mostly by +1 frameshifts in the restriction sites flanking the insert. With the (CA)14, (TA)6, (CA)5and 8C plasmids, reversion is mainly by loss of a repeat unit. The data support the hypothesis that thednaQgene product recognizes frameshifts close to the DNA growing point. Frameshifts distal to the growing point are mainly corrected by mismatch repair.We speculate that mismatches in mononucleotide repeats are susceptible to proofreading because they can either migrate to a point where they are recognized by the exonuclease or, alternatively, because single nucleotide distortions are more readily detected than dinucleotides.
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