Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 26, Issue 15 3536-3541, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
V Sriskanda and S Shuman
Chlorella virus PBCV-1 DNA ligase seals nicked duplex DNA substrates
consisting of a 5'-phosphate-terminated strand and a 3'-hydroxyl-
terminated strand annealed to a bridging template strand, but cannot ligate
a nicked duplex composed of two DNAs annealed on an RNA template. Whereas
PBCV-1 ligase efficiently joins a 3'-OH RNA to a 5'- phosphate DNA, it is
unable to join a 3'-OH DNA to a 5'-phosphate RNA. The ligase discriminates
at the substrate binding step between nicked duplexes containing
5'-phosphate DNA versus 5'-phosphate RNA strands. PBCV-1 ligase readily
seals a nicked duplex DNA containing a single ribonucleotide substitution
at the reactive 5'-phosphate end. These results suggest a requirement for a
B-form helical conformation of the polynucleotide on the 5'-phosphate side
of the nick. Single base mismatches at the nick exert disparate effects on
DNA ligation efficiency. PBCV-1 ligase tolerates mismatches involving the
5'- phosphate nucleotide, with the exception of 5'-A:G and 5'-G:A mispairs,
which reduce ligase activity by two orders of magnitude. Inhibitory
configurations at the 3'-OH nucleotide include 3'-G:A, 3'-G:T, 3'-T:T,
3'-A:G, 3'-G:G, 3'-A:C and 3'-C:C. Our findings indicate that Chlorella
virus DNA ligase has the potential to affect genome integrity by embedding
ribonucleotides in viral DNA and by sealing nicked molecules with mispaired
ends, thereby generating missense mutations.
ARTICLES
Specificity and fidelity of strand joining by Chlorella virus DNA ligase
Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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