Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 27, Issue 22 4305-4313, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
H Barrios, B Valderrama and E Morett
Promoters recognized by the RNA-polymerase with the alternative sigma
factor sigma(54) (Esigma54) are unique in having conserved positions around
-24 and -12 nucleotides upstream from the transcriptional start site,
instead of the typical -35 and -10 boxes. Here we compile 186 - 24/-12
promoter sequences reported in the literature and generate an updated and
extended consensus sequence. The use of the extended consensus increases
the probability of identifying genuine -24/-12 promoters. The effect of
several reported mutations at the -24/-12 elements on RNA-polymerase
binding and promoter strength is discussed in the light of the updated
consensus.
ARTICLES
Compilation and analysis of sigma(54)-dependent promoter sequences
Departamento de Reconocimiento Molecular y Bioestructura, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62271, Mexico.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. Ueki and D. R. Lovley Genome-wide gene regulation of biosynthesis and energy generation by a novel transcriptional repressor in Geobacter species Nucleic Acids Res., November 25, 2009; (2009) gkp1085v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Moisi, C. Jenul, S. M. Butler, A. New, S. Tutz, J. Reidl, K. E. Klose, A. Camilli, and S. Schild A Novel Regulatory Protein Involved in Motility of Vibrio cholerae J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2009; 191(22): 7027 - 7038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. E. Kehl-Fie, E. A. Porsch, S. E. Miller, and J. W. StGeme III Expression of Kingella kingae Type IV Pili Is Regulated by {sigma}54, PilS, and PilR J. Bacteriol., August 1, 2009; 191(15): 4976 - 4986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. Setubal, P. dos Santos, B. S. Goldman, H. Ertesvag, G. Espin, L. M. Rubio, S. Valla, N. F. Almeida, D. Balasubramanian, L. Cromes, et al. Genome Sequence of Azotobacter vinelandii, an Obligate Aerobe Specialized To Support Diverse Anaerobic Metabolic Processes J. Bacteriol., July 15, 2009; 191(14): 4534 - 4545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Belas, E. Horikawa, S.-I. Aizawa, and R. Suvanasuthi Genetic Determinants of Silicibacter sp. TM1040 Motility J. Bacteriol., July 15, 2009; 191(14): 4502 - 4512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Ding, Y. Wang, Y. Hu, S. Atkinson, P. Williams, and S. Chen Functional characterization of FlgM in the regulation of flagellar synthesis and motility in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Microbiology, June 1, 2009; 155(6): 1890 - 1900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Pena-Sanchez, S. Poggio, U. Flores-Perez, A. Osorio, C. Domenzain, G. Dreyfus, and L. Camarena Identification of the binding site of the {sigma}54 hetero-oligomeric FleQ/FleT activator in the flagellar promoters of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Microbiology, May 1, 2009; 155(5): 1669 - 1679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Promden, A. S. Vangnai, H. Toyama, K. Matsushita, and P. Pongsawasdi Analysis of the promoter activities of the genes encoding three quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenases in Pseudomonas putida HK5 Microbiology, February 1, 2009; 155(2): 594 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Weber, A. Croxatto, C. Chen, and D. L. Milton RpoS induces expression of the Vibrio anguillarum quorum-sensing regulator VanT Microbiology, March 1, 2008; 154(3): 767 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Singh and K.-H. Rohm Characterization of a Pseudomonas putida ABC transporter (AatJMQP) required for acidic amino acid uptake: biochemical properties and regulation by the Aau two-component system Microbiology, March 1, 2008; 154(3): 797 - 809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.-J. Ceyssens, V. Mesyanzhinov, N. Sykilinda, Y. Briers, B. Roucourt, R. Lavigne, J. Robben, A. Domashin, K. Miroshnikov, G. Volckaert, et al. The Genome and Structural Proteome of YuA, a New Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage Resembling M6 J. Bacteriol., February 15, 2008; 190(4): 1429 - 1435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Ossa, M. E. Diodati, N. B. Caberoy, K. M. Giglio, M. Edmonds, M. Singer, and A. G. Garza The Myxococcus xanthus Nla4 Protein Is Important for Expression of Stringent Response-Associated Genes, ppGpp Accumulation, and Fruiting Body Development J. Bacteriol., December 1, 2007; 189(23): 8474 - 8483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Miyakoshi, M. Shintani, T. Terabayashi, S. Kai, H. Yamane, and H. Nojiri Transcriptome Analysis of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Harboring the Completely Sequenced IncP-7 Plasmid pCAR1 J. Bacteriol., October 1, 2007; 189(19): 6849 - 6860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Kamal, N. Dorrell, A. Jagannathan, S. M. Turner, C. Constantinidou, D. J. Studholme, G. Marsden, J. Hinds, K. G. Laing, B. W. Wren, et al. Deletion of a previously uncharacterized flagellar-hook-length control gene fliK modulates the {sigma}54-dependent regulon in Campylobacter jejuni Microbiology, September 1, 2007; 153(9): 3099 - 3111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Matta, E. E. Lioliou, C. H. Panagiotidis, D. A. Kyriakidis, and C. A. Panagiotidis Interactions of the Antizyme AtoC with Regulatory Elements of the Escherichia coli atoDAEB Operon J. Bacteriol., September 1, 2007; 189(17): 6324 - 6332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X.-X. Zhang and P. B. Rainey Genetic Analysis of the Histidine Utilization (hut) Genes in Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 Genetics, August 1, 2007; 176(4): 2165 - 2176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Szalewska-Palasz, L. U. M. Johansson, L. M. D. Bernardo, E. Skarfstad, E. Stec, K. Brannstrom, and V. Shingler Properties of RNA Polymerase Bypass Mutants: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ROLE OF ppGpp AND ITS CO-FACTOR DksA IN CONTROLLING TRANSCRIPTION DEPENDENT ON {sigma}54 J. Biol. Chem., June 22, 2007; 282(25): 18046 - 18056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Smith, J. S. Blevins, G. N. Bachlani, X. F. Yang, and M. V. Norgard Evidence that RpoS ({sigma}S) in Borrelia burgdorferi Is Controlled Directly by RpoN ({sigma}54/{sigma}N) J. Bacteriol., March 1, 2007; 189(5): 2139 - 2144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. A. Gronewold and D. Kaiser Mutations of the Act Promoter in Myxococcus xanthus J. Bacteriol., March 1, 2007; 189(5): 1836 - 1844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. J. Sangari, A. Seoane, M. C. Rodriguez, J. Aguero, and J. M. Garcia Lobo Characterization of the Urease Operon of Brucella abortus and Assessment of Its Role in Virulence of the Bacterium Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 774 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Janaszak, W. Majczak, B. Nadratowska, A. Szalewska-Palasz, G. Konopa, and A. Taylor A {sigma}54-dependent promoter in the regulatory region of the Escherichia coli rpoH gene Microbiology, January 1, 2007; 153(1): 111 - 123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. D. Mendes, A. C. Casimiro, P. M. Santos, I. Sa-Correia, A. L. Oliveira, and A. T. Freitas MUSA: a parameter free algorithm for the identification of biologically significant motifs Bioinformatics, December 15, 2006; 22(24): 2996 - 3002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Martin, M. Gould, E. Byles, M. A. J. Roberts, and J. P. Armitage Two Chemosensory Operons of Rhodobacter sphaeroides Are Regulated Independently by Sigma 28 and Sigma 54 J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2006; 188(22): 7932 - 7940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Ali, J. Scanlan, M. G. Dumont, and J. C. Murrell Duplication of the mmoX gene in Methylosinus sporium: cloning, sequencing and mutational analysis. Microbiology, October 1, 2006; 152(Pt 10): 2931 - 2942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Poggio, A. Osorio, G. Dreyfus, and L. Camarena Transcriptional Specificity of RpoN1 and RpoN2 Involves Differential Recognition of the Promoter Sequences and Specific Interaction with the Cognate Activator Proteins J. Biol. Chem., September 15, 2006; 281(37): 27205 - 27215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Parker, R. M. Kennan, G. S. Myers, I. T. Paulsen, J. G. Songer, and J. I. Rood Regulation of Type IV Fimbrial Biogenesis in Dichelobacter nodosus J. Bacteriol., July 1, 2006; 188(13): 4801 - 4811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Chhabra, Q. He, K. H. Huang, S. P. Gaucher, E. J. Alm, Z. He, M. Z. Hadi, T. C. Hazen, J. D. Wall, J. Zhou, et al. Global Analysis of Heat Shock Response in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. J. Bacteriol., March 1, 2006; 188(5): 1817 - 1828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Ieva, C. Alaimo, I. Delany, G. Spohn, R. Rappuoli, and V. Scarlato CrgA Is an Inducible LysR-Type Regulator of Neisseria meningitidis, Acting both as a Repressor and as an Activator of Gene Transcription J. Bacteriol., May 15, 2005; 187(10): 3421 - 3430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Fisher, D. Grimm, A. K. Henion, A. F. Elias, P. E. Stewart, P. A. Rosa, and F. C. Gherardini From the Cover: Borrelia burgdorferi {sigma}54 is required for mammalian infection and vector transmission but not for tick colonization PNAS, April 5, 2005; 102(14): 5162 - 5167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Xue, I. Hunter, T. Steinmetz, A. Peters, B. Ray, and K. W. Miller Novel Activator of Mannose-Specific Phosphotransferase System Permease Expression in Listeria innocua, Identified by Screening for Pediocin AcH Resistance Appl. Envir. Microbiol., March 1, 2005; 71(3): 1283 - 1290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Govantes, O. Porrua, and E. Santero Regulation of the Pseudomonas sp. Strain ADP Cyanuric Acid Degradation Operon J. Bacteriol., January 1, 2005; 187(1): 155 - 167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Schmeling, A. Narmandakh, O. Schmitt, N. Gad'on, K. Schuhle, and G. Fuchs Phenylphosphate Synthase: a New Phosphotransferase Catalyzing the First Step in Anaerobic Phenol Metabolism in Thauera aromatica J. Bacteriol., December 1, 2004; 186(23): 8044 - 8057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Green and A. J. Darwin PspG, a New Member of the Yersinia enterocolitica Phage Shock Protein Regulon J. Bacteriol., August 1, 2004; 186(15): 4910 - 4920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Millikan and E. G. Ruby Vibrio fischeri Flagellin A Is Essential for Normal Motility and for Symbiotic Competence during Initial Squid Light Organ Colonization J. Bacteriol., July 1, 2004; 186(13): 4315 - 4325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Abbas, J. E. McGuire, D. Crowley, C. Baysse, M. Dow, and F. O'Gara The putative permease PhlE of Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 has a role in 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol resistance and in general stress tolerance Microbiology, July 1, 2004; 150(7): 2443 - 2450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. D. Carrillo, E. Taboada, J. H. E. Nash, P. Lanthier, J. Kelly, P. C. Lau, R. Verhulp, O. Mykytczuk, J. Sy, W. A. Findlay, et al. Genome-wide Expression Analyses of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168 Reveals Coordinate Regulation of Motility and Virulence by flhA J. Biol. Chem., May 7, 2004; 279(19): 20327 - 20338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Arous, C. Buchrieser, P. Folio, P. Glaser, A. Namane, M. Hebraud, and Y. Hechard Global analysis of gene expression in an rpoN mutant of Listeria monocytogenes Microbiology, May 1, 2004; 150(5): 1581 - 1590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Martinez-Argudo, R. Little, N. Shearer, P. Johnson, and R. Dixon The NifL-NifA System: a Multidomain Transcriptional Regulatory Complex That Integrates Environmental Signals J. Bacteriol., February 1, 2004; 186(3): 601 - 610. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Jauregui, C. Abreu-Goodger, G. Moreno-Hagelsieb, J. Collado-Vides, and E. Merino Conservation of DNA curvature signals in regulatory regions of prokaryotic genes Nucleic Acids Res., December 1, 2003; 31(23): 6770 - 6777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Burrows, K. Severinov, A. Ishihama, M. Buck, and S. R. Wigneshweraraj Mapping {sigma}54-RNA Polymerase Interactions at the -24 Consensus Promoter Element J. Biol. Chem., August 8, 2003; 278(32): 29728 - 29743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Desnoues, M. Lin, X. Guo, L. Ma, R. Carreno-Lopez, and C. Elmerich Nitrogen fixation genetics and regulation in a Pseudomonas stutzeri strain associated with rice Microbiology, August 1, 2003; 149(8): 2251 - 2262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. P. Stafford, J. Scanlan, I. R. McDonald, and J. C. Murrell rpoN, mmoR and mmoG, genes involved in regulating the expression of soluble methane monooxygenase in Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b Microbiology, July 1, 2003; 149(7): 1771 - 1784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Csaki, L. Bodrossy, J. Klem, J. C. Murrell, and K. L. Kovacs Genes involved in the copper-dependent regulation of soluble methane monooxygenase of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath): cloning, sequencing and mutational analysis Microbiology, July 1, 2003; 149(7): 1785 - 1795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Parro and M. Moreno-Paz Gene function analysis in environmental isolates: The nif regulon of the strict iron oxidizing bacterium Leptospirillum ferrooxidans PNAS, June 24, 2003; 100(13): 7883 - 7888. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Millikan and E. G. Ruby FlrA, a {sigma}54-Dependent Transcriptional Activator in Vibrio fischeri, Is Required for Motility and Symbiotic Light-Organ Colonization J. Bacteriol., June 15, 2003; 185(12): 3547 - 3557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Siddavattam, S. Khajamohiddin, B. Manavathi, S. B. Pakala, and M. Merrick Transposon-Like Organization of the Plasmid-Borne Organophosphate Degradation (opd) Gene Cluster Found in Flavobacterium sp. Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 1, 2003; 69(5): 2533 - 2539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Heurlier, V. Denervaud, G. Pessi, C. Reimmann, and D. Haas Negative Control of Quorum Sensing by RpoN ({sigma}54) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 J. Bacteriol., April 1, 2003; 185(7): 2227 - 2235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Studholme and R. Dixon Domain Architectures of {sigma}54-Dependent Transcriptional Activators J. Bacteriol., March 15, 2003; 185(6): 1757 - 1767. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Gardner, C. R. Gessner, and P. R. Gardner Regulation of the Nitric Oxide Reduction Operon (norRVW) in Escherichia coli. ROLE OF NorR AND sigma 54 IN THE NITRIC OXIDE STRESS RESPONSE J. Biol. Chem., March 14, 2003; 278(12): 10081 - 10086. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Kirby and D. R. Zusman Chemosensory regulation of developmental gene expression in Myxococcusxanthus PNAS, February 18, 2003; 100(4): 2008 - 2013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Weightman, A. W. Topping, K. E. Hill, L. L. Lee, K. Sakai, J. H. Slater, and A. W. Thomas Transposition of DEH, a Broad-Host-Range Transposon Flanked by ISPpu12, in Pseudomonas putida Is Associated with Genomic Rearrangements and Dehalogenase Gene Silencing J. Bacteriol., December 1, 2002; 184(23): 6581 - 6591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Iwaki, Y. Hasegawa, S. Wang, M. M. Kayser, and P. C. K. Lau Cloning and Characterization of a Gene Cluster Involved in Cyclopentanol Metabolism in Comamonas sp. Strain NCIMB 9872 and Biotransformations Effected by Escherichia coli-Expressed Cyclopentanone 1,2-Monooxygenase Appl. Envir. Microbiol., November 1, 2002; 68(11): 5671 - 5684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Sluis, L. A. Sayavedra-Soto, and D. J. Arp Molecular analysis of the soluble butane monooxygenase from 'Pseudomonas butanovora' Microbiology, November 1, 2002; 148(11): 3617 - 3629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Roh and S. Kaplan Interdependent Expression of the ccoNOQP-rdxBHIS Loci in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 J. Bacteriol., October 1, 2002; 184(19): 5330 - 5338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Vogel, A. Schulz, and K. Rippe Binding affinity of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase{middle dot}{sigma}54 holoenzyme for the glnAp2, nifH and nifL promoters Nucleic Acids Res., September 15, 2002; 30(18): 4094 - 4101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Gal-Mor, T. Zusman, and G. Segal Analysis of DNA Regulatory Elements Required for Expression of the Legionella pneumophilaicm and dot Virulence Genes J. Bacteriol., July 15, 2002; 184(14): 3823 - 3833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Sluis, R. A. Larsen, J. G. Krum, R. Anderson, W. W. Metcalf, and S. A. Ensign Biochemical, Molecular, and Genetic Analyses of the Acetone Carboxylases from Xanthobacter autotrophicus Strain Py2 and Rhodobacter capsulatus Strain B10 J. Bacteriol., June 1, 2002; 184(11): 2969 - 2977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Reitzer and B. L. Schneider Metabolic Context and Possible Physiological Themes of {sigma}54-Dependent Genes in Escherichia coli Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., September 1, 2001; 65(3): 422 - 444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Ould Ali, J. Bignon, G. Rapoport, and M. Debarbouille Regulation of the Acetoin Catabolic Pathway Is Controlled by Sigma L in Bacillus subtilis J. Bacteriol., April 15, 2001; 183(8): 2497 - 2504. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. van Doorn, T. C. Hollinger, and B. Oudega Analysis of the Type IV Fimbrial-Subunit Gene fimA of Xanthomonas hyacinthi: Application in PCR-Mediated Detection of Yellow Disease in Hyacinths Appl. Envir. Microbiol., February 1, 2001; 67(2): 598 - 607. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. V. Bock, T. Battershell, J. Wiggington, T. R. John, and J. D. Johnson Frankia sequences exhibiting RNA polymerase promoter activity Microbiology, February 1, 2001; 147(2): 499 - 506. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. M. Jaspers, A. Schmid, M. H. J. Sturme, D. A. M. Goslings, H.-P. E. Kohler, and J. Roelof van der Meer Transcriptional Organization and Dynamic Expression of the hbpCAD Genes, Which Encode the First Three Enzymes for 2-Hydroxybiphenyl Degradation in Pseudomonas azelaica HBP1 J. Bacteriol., January 1, 2001; 183(1): 270 - 279. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Mathews and P. Timms Identification and Mapping of Sigma-54 Promoters in Chlamydia trachomatis J. Bacteriol., November 1, 2000; 182(21): 6239 - 6242. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Poggio, C. Aguilar, A. Osorio, B. González-Pedrajo, G. Dreyfus, and L. Camarena sigma 54 Promoters Control Expression of Genes Encoding the Hook and Basal Body Complex in Rhodobacter sphaeroides J. Bacteriol., October 15, 2000; 182(20): 5787 - 5792. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. I. Hutchings and S. Spiro The nitric oxide regulated nor promoter of Paracoccus denitrificans Microbiology, October 1, 2000; 146(10): 2635 - 2641. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Buck, M.-T. Gallegos, D. J. Studholme, Y. Guo, and J. D. Gralla The Bacterial Enhancer-Dependent sigma 54 (sigma N) Transcription Factor J. Bacteriol., August 1, 2000; 182(15): 4129 - 4136. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Gorski, T. Gronewold, and D. Kaiser A sigma 54 Activator Protein Necessary for Spore Differentiation within the Fruiting Body of Myxococcus xanthus J. Bacteriol., May 1, 2000; 182(9): 2438 - 2444. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Studholme, S. R. Wigneshwereraraj, M.-T. Gallegos, and M. Buck Functionality of Purified sigma N (sigma 54) and a NifA-Like Protein from the Hyperthermophile Aquifex aeolicus J. Bacteriol., March 15, 2000; 182(6): 1616 - 1623. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|