Nucleic Acids Research, Vol 27, Issue 8 1767-1780, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
JL Boore
Animal mitochondrial DNA is a small, extrachromosomal genome, typically
approximately 16 kb in size. With few exceptions, all animal mitochondrial
genomes contain the same 37 genes: two for rRNAs, 13 for proteins and 22
for tRNAs. The products of these genes, along with RNAs and proteins
imported from the cytoplasm, endow mitochondria with their own systems for
DNA replication, transcription, mRNA processing and translation of
proteins. The study of these genomes as they function in mitochondrial
systems-'mitochondrial genomics'-serves as a model for genome evolution.
Furthermore, the comparison of animal mitochondrial gene arrangements has
become a very powerful means for inferring ancient evolutionary
relationships, since rearrangements appear to be unique, generally rare
events that are unlikely to arise independently in separate evolutionary
lineages. Complete mitochondrial gene arrangements have been published for
58 chordate species and 29 non- chordate species, and partial arrangements
for hundreds of other taxa. This review compares and summarizes these gene
arrangements and points out some of the questions that may be addressed by
comparing mitochondrial systems.
REVIEWS
Animal mitochondrial genomes
Department of Biology, University of Michigan, 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA. jboore@umich.edu
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D. V. Lavrov and W. M. Brown Trichinella spiralis mtDNA: A Nematode Mitochondrial Genome That Encodes a Putative ATP8 and Normally Structured tRNAs and Has a Gene Arrangement Relatable to Those of Coelomate Metazoans Genetics, February 1, 2001; 157(2): 621 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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N. Shimko, L. Liu, B. F. Lang, and G. Burger GOBASE: the organelle genome database Nucleic Acids Res., January 1, 2001; 29(1): 128 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. E. Masta Mitochondrial Sequence Evolution in Spiders: Intraspecific Variation in tRNAs Lacking the T{Psi}C Arm Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2000; 17(7): 1091 - 1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. H. Le, D. Blair, T. Agatsuma, P.-F. Humair, N. J.H. Campbell, M. Iwagami, D. T. J. Littlewood, B. Peacock, D. A. Johnston, J. Bartley, et al. Phylogenies Inferred from Mitochondrial Gene Orders--A Cautionary Tale from the Parasitic Flatworms Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2000; 17(7): 1123 - 1125. [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Noguchi, K. Endo, F. Tajima, and R. Ueshima The Mitochondrial Genome of the Brachiopod Laqueus rubellus Genetics, May 1, 2000; 155(1): 245 - 259. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. V. Lavrov, J. L. Boore, and W. M. Brown The Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequence of the Horseshoe Crab Limulus polyphemus Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2000; 17(5): 813 - 824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Kurabayashi and R. Ueshima Complete Sequence of the Mitochondrial DNA of the Primitive Opisthobranch Gastropod Pupa strigosa: Systematic Implication of the Genome Organization Mol. Biol. Evol., February 1, 2000; 17(2): 266 - 277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. L. Boore and W. M. Brown Mitochondrial Genomes of Galathealinum, Helobdella, and Platynereis: Sequence and Gene Arrangement Comparisons Indicate that Pogonophora Is Not a Phylum and Annelida and Arthropoda Are Not Sister Taxa Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2000; 17(1): 87 - 106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Bensch and A. H Mitochondrial Genomic Rearrangements in Songbirds Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2000; 17(1): 107 - 113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. E. Broughton, J. E. Milam, and B. A. Roe The Complete Sequence of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Mitochondrial Genome and Evolutionary Patterns in Vertebrate Mitochondrial DNA Genome Res., November 1, 2001; 11(11): 1958 - 1967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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