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Nucleic Acids Research, 2000, Vol. 28, No. 24 4815-4821
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Position-specific effect of ribonucleotides on the cleavage activity of human topoisomerase II

Yong Wang, Anette Thyssen, Ole Westergaard and Anni H. Andersen*

Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, University of Aarhus, C.F. Møllers Allé, Building 130, 8000 Århus C, Denmark

Beyond the normal DNA transactions mediated by topoisomerase II, we have recently demonstrated that the cleavage activity of the two human topoisomerase II isoforms is several-fold stimulated if a ribonucleotide rather than a deoxyribonucleotide is present at the scissile phosphodiester in one strand of the substrate. Here we show that ribonucleotides exert a position-specific effect on topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage without altering the sequence specificity of the enzyme. Ribonucleotides located within the 4 bp cleavage stagger stimulate topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage, whereas ribonucleotides located outside the stagger in general have an inhibitory effect. Results obtained from competition experiments indicate that the position-specific effect of ribonucleotides on topoisomerase II activity is caused by altered substrate interaction. When cleavage is performed with substrates containing one ribonucleotide in both strands or several ribonucleotides in one strand the effect of the individual ribonucleotides on cleavage is not additive. Finally, although topoisomerase II recognizes substrates with longer stretches of ribonucleotides, an RNA/DNA hybrid where one strand is composed entirely of RNA is not cleaved by the enzyme. The positional effect of ribonucleotides on topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage shares many similarities to the positional effect exerted by either abasic sites or base mismatches, demonstrating a general influence of DNA imperfections on topoisomerase II activity.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +45 8942 2600; Fax: +45 8942 2612; Email: aha{at}mbio.aau.dk


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