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Nucleic Acids Research, 2001, Vol. 29, No. 22 4744-4750
© 2001 Oxford University Press

A flexible light-directed DNA chip synthesis gated by deprotection using solution photogenerated acids

Xiaolian Gao*, Eric LeProust, Hua Zhang, Onnop Srivannavit1, Erdogan Gulari1, Peilin Yu, Ciro Nishiguchi, Qin Xiang2 and Xiaochuan Zhou2

Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004-5003, USA, 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA and 2Xeotron Co. 8275 El Rio, Suite 130, Houston, TX 77054, USA

Oligonucleotide microarrays or oDNA chips are effective decoding and analytical tools for genomic sequences and are useful for a broad range of applications. Therefore, it is desirable to have synthesis methods of DNA chips that are highly flexible in sequence design and provide high quality and general adoptability. We report herein, DNA microarray synthesis based on a flexible biochip method. Our method simply uses photogenerated acid (PGA) in solution to trigger deprotection of the 5'-OH group in conventional nucleotide phosphoramidite monomers (i.e. PGA-gated deprotection), with the rest of the reactions in the synthesis cycle the same as those used for routine synthesis of oligonucleotides. The complete DNA chip synthesis process is accomplished on a regular DNA synthesizer that is coupled with a UV-VIS projection display unit for performing digital photolithography. Using this method, oDNA chips containing probes of newly discovered genes can be quickly and easily synthesized at high yields in a conventional laboratory setting. Furthermore, the PGA-gated chemistry should be applicable to microarray syntheses of a variety of combinatorial molecules, such as peptides and organic molecules.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 713 743 2805; Fax: +1 713 743 2709; Email: xgao@uh.eduCorrespondence may also be addressed to Xiaochuan Zhou. Tel: +1 713 842 2121; Fax: +1 713 842 9060; Email: xczhou@xeotron.com


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