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Nucleic Acids Research, 2003, Vol. 31, No. 22 e142
© 2003 Oxford University Press

Article

Global amplification of mRNA by template-switching PCR: linearity and application to microarray analysis

L. Petalidis1,2, S. Bhattacharyya2, G. A. Morris3, V. P. Collins1, T. C. Freeman2 and P. A. Lyons*,3

1 Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 231, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, 2 Microarray Group, UK MRC HGMP-Resource Centre, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SB and 3 JDRF/WT Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 1223 762995; Fax: +44 1223 762640; Email: paul.lyons{at}cimr.cam.ac.uk
Correspondence may also be addressed to Tom Freeman. Tel: +44 1223 494553; Fax: +44 1223 494512; Email: tfreeman{at}hgmp.mrc.ac.uk

Conventional approaches to target labelling for expression microarray analysis typically require relatively large amounts of total RNA, a serious limitation when the sample available is small. Here we explore the cycle-dependent amplification characteristics of Template-Switching PCR and validate its use for microarray target labelling. TS-PCR identifies up to 80% of the differentially expressed genes identified by direct labelling using 30-fold less input RNA for the amplification, with the equivalent of 1000-fold less starting material being used for each hybridisation. Moreover, the sensitivity of microarray experiments is increased considerably, allowing the identification of differentially expressed transcripts below the level of detection using targets prepared by direct labelling. We have also validated the fidelity of amplification and show that the amplified material faithfully represents the starting mRNA population. This method outperforms conventional labelling strategies, not only in terms of sensitivity and the identification of differentially expressed genes, but it is also faster and less labour intensive than other amplification protocols.


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