Published online 13 July 2004
Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 32 No. 12 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
Genome-wide operon prediction in Staphylococcus aureus
Elitra Pharmaceuticals Inc., 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed at current address: Merck & Co., Inc., MRLSDB1, 3535 General Atomics Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. Tel: +1 858 202 5000; Fax: +1 858 202 5813; Email: liangsu_wang{at}merck.com
Received April 19, 2004; Revised June 7, 2004; Accepted June 21, 2004
Identification of operon structure is critical to understanding gene regulation and function, and pathogenesis, and for identifying targets towards the development of new antibiotics in bacteria. Recently, the complete genome sequences of a large number of important human bacterial pathogens have become available for computational analysis, including the major human Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. By annotating the predicted operon structure of the S.aureus genome, we hope to facilitate the exploration of the unique biology of this organism as well as the comparative genomics across a broad range of bacteria. We have integrated several operon prediction methods and developed a consensus approach to score the likelihood of each adjacent gene pair to be co-transcribed. Gene pairs were separated into distinct operons when scores were equal to or below an empirical threshold. Using this approach, we have generated a S.aureus genome map with scores annotated at the intersections of every adjacent gene pair. This approach predicted about 864 monocistronic transcripts and 533 polycistronic operons from the protein-encoding genes in the S.aureus strain Mu50 genome. When compared with a set of experimentally determined S.aureus operons from literature sources, this method successfully predicted at least 91% of gene pairs. At the transcription unit level, this approach correctly identified at least 92% of complete operons in this dataset. This consensus approach has enabled us to predict operons with high accuracy from a genome where limited experimental evidence for operon structure is available.
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