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Published online 3 February 2004

Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, No. 2 811-818
© 2004 Oxford University Press

The sea urchin stem–loop-binding protein: a maternally expressed protein that probably functions in expression of multiple classes of histone mRNA

Anthony J. Robertson1,4, Jason T. Howard3, Zbigniew Dominski1,2, Bradley J. Schnackenberg1, Jan L. Sumerel1,2, John J. McCarthy4, James A. Coffman4 and William F. Marzluff*,1,2,3

1 Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 2 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and 3 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA and 4 Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CB 7100, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Tel: +1 919 962 8920; Fax: +1 919 966 6821; Email: marzluff{at}med.unc.edu

Following the completion of oogenesis and oocyte maturation, histone mRNAs are synthesized and stored in the sea urchin egg pronucleus. Histone mRNAs are the only mRNAs that are not polyadenylated but instead end in a stem–loop which has been conserved in evolution. The 3' end binds the stem–loop-binding protein (SLBP), and SLBP is required for histone pre-mRNA processing as well as translation of the histone mRNAs. A cDNA encoding a 59 kDa sea urchin SLBP (suSLBP) has been cloned from an oocyte cDNA library. The suSLBP contains an RNA-binding domain that is similar to the RNA-binding domain found in SLBPs from other species, although there is no similarity between the rest of the suSLBP and other SLBPs. The suSLBP is present at constant levels in eggs and for the first 12 h of development. The levels of suSLBP then decline and remain at a low level for the rest of embryogenesis. The suSLBP is concentrated in the egg pronucleus and is released from the nucleus only when cells enter the first mitosis. SuSLBP expressed by in vitro translation does not bind the stem–loop RNA, suggesting that suSLBP is modified to activate RNA binding in sea urchin embryos.


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