Published online 23 November 2004
Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 32 No. 20 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
The relative flexibility of B-DNA and A-RNA duplexes: database analysis
1 Molecular Modelling and Bioinformatics Unit, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Josep Samitier 1-5, Barcelona 08028, Spain, 2 Institute for Mathematics B, EPFL (Swiss Federal Polytechnical Institute), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, 3 Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avgda Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain and 4 Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona 08028, Spain
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +34 93 403 71 57; Fax: +34 93 403 71 56; Email: modesto{at}mmb.pcb.ub.es
Received July 8, 2004; Revised September 9, 2004; Accepted November 2, 2004
An extensive analysis of structural databases is carried out to investigate the relative flexibility of B-DNA and A-RNA duplexes in crystal form. Our results show that the general anisotropic concept of flexibility is not very useful to compare the deformability of B-DNA and A-RNA duplexes, since the flexibility patterns of B-DNA and A-RNA are quite different. In other words, flexibility is a dangerous word for describing macromolecules, unless it is clearly defined. A few soft essential movements explain most of the natural flexibility of A-RNA, whereas many are necessary for B-DNA. Essential movements occurring in naked B-DNAs are identical to those necessary to deform DNA in DNAprotein complexes, which suggest that evolution has designed DNAprotein complexes so that B-DNA is deformed according to its natural tendency. DNA is generally more flexible, but for some distortions A-RNA is easier to deform. Local stiffness constants obtained for naked B-DNAs and DNA complexes are very close, demonstrating that global distortions in DNA necessary for binding to proteins are the result of the addition of small concerted deformations at the base-pair level. Finally, it is worth noting that in general the picture of the relative deformability of A-RNA and DNA derived from database analysis agrees very well with that derived from state of the art molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
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