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Published online 23 April 2004

Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, No. 7 2259-2271
© 2004 Oxford University Press

Transcription factor cCP2 controls gene expression in chicken embryonic stem cells

Hervé Acloque, Anne Mey, Anne Marie Birot, Henri Gruffat1, Bertrand Pain and Jacques Samarut*

Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, CNRS-INRA UMR5161, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France and 1 Unité de Virologie Humaine, U412 INSERM, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 4 7272 8536; Fax: +33 4 7272 8080; Email: Jacques.Samarut{at}ens-lyon.fr
Present address:
Hervé Acloque, Instituto Cajal, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain

Received January 9, 2004; Revised and Accepted March 24, 2004

cENS-1/cERNI genes have been shown to be expressed very early during chicken embryonic development and as well as in pluripotent chicken embryonic stem (CES) cells. We have previously identified a promoter region, which is specifically active in CES cells compared to differentiated cells. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms which regulate the cENS-1/cERNI promoter, we analyzed the cis-acting elements of this promoter in CES and differentiated cells. We identified a short sequence, named the B region, 5'-CAAG TCCAGG CAAG-3', that exhibits a strong enhancer activity in CES and differentiated cells. Mutation of the B region in the whole cENS-1 promoter strongly decreases the promoter activity in CES cells, suggesting that this region is essential for activating the promoter. The B region is similar to the previously described response element for the transcription factor CP2 and we show by supershift experiments that a protein complex containing CP2 is bound to this B response element. All these results identify a nuclear factor belonging to the CP2 transcription factor family that is crucial for the activation of the cENS-1/cERNI promoter. The pattern of expression of cCP2 in early chicken embryo before gastrulation is very similar to that of cENS-1/cERNI which strongly suggests that cCP2 also plays an essential role in gene expression early in embryonic development.


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