Published online 12 October 2005
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Guanine tetraplex topology of human telomere DNA is governed by the number of (TTAGGG) repeats
ková*Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +42 0 541 517 188; Fax: +42 0 541 240 497; Email: mifi{at}ibp.cz
Received July 11, 2005. Revised September 12, 2005. Accepted September 28, 2005.
Secondary structures of the G-rich strand of human telomere DNA fragments G3(TTAG3)n, n = 116, have been studied by means of circular dichroism spectroscopy and PAGE, in solutions of physiological potassium cation concentrations. It has been found that folding of these fragments into tetraplexes as well as tetraplex thermostabilities and enthalpy values depend on the number of TTAG3 repeats. The suggested topologies include, e.g. antiparallel and parallel bimolecular tetraplexes, an intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex, a tetraplex consisting of three parallel chains and one antiparallel chain, a poorly stable parallel intramolecular tetraplex, and both parallel and antiparallel tetramolecular tetraplexes. G3(TTAG3)3 folds into a single, stable and very compact intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex. With an increasing repeat number, the fragment tetraplexes surprisingly are ever less thermostable and their migration and enthalpy decrease indicate increasing irregularities or domain splitting in their arrangements. Reduced stability and different topology of lengthy telomeric tails could contribute to the stepwise telomere shortening process.
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