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Nucleic Acids Research 2006 34(9):2558-2569; doi:10.1093/nar/gkl278
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Published online 12 May 2006

© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org


Article

Cloning and expression of new microRNAs from zebrafish

Wigard P. Kloosterman, Florian A. Steiner, Eugene Berezikov, Ewart de Bruijn, Jose van de Belt, Mark Verheul, Edwin Cuppen and Ronald H.A. Plasterk*

Hubrecht Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Genetics Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +31 30 2121963; Fax: +31 30 2516554; Email: plasterk{at}niob.knaw.nl

Received February 16, 2006. Revised March 21, 2006. Accepted April 4, 2006.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in development and regulate the expression of many animal genes by post-transcriptional gene silencing. Here we describe the cloning and expression of new miRNAs from zebrafish. By high-throughput sequencing of small-RNA cDNA libraries from 5-day-old zebrafish larvae and adult zebrafish brain we found 139 known miRNAs and 66 new miRNAs. For 65 known miRNAs and for 11 new miRNAs we also cloned the miRNA star sequence. We analyzed the temporal and spatial expression patterns for 35 new miRNAs and for 32 known miRNAs in the zebrafish by whole mount in situ hybridization and northern blotting. Overall, 23 of the 35 new miRNAs and 30 of the 32 known miRNAs could be detected. We found that most miRNAs were expressed during later stages of development. Some were expressed ubiquitously, but many of the miRNAs were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Most newly discovered miRNAs have low expression levels and are less conserved in other vertebrate species. Our cloning and expression analysis indicates that most abundant and conserved miRNAs in zebrafish are now known.


The authors wish it to be known that, in their opinion, the first two authors should be regarded as joint First Authors


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