Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access originally published online on April 10, 2007
Nucleic Acids Research 2007 35(8):2661-2670; doi:10.1093/nar/gkm140
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Nucleic Acids Research, 2007, Vol. 35, No. 8 2661-2670
© 2007 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Molecular Biology |
Idefix insulator activity can be modulated by nearby regulatory elements
1INSERM, U384, Faculté de Médecine, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France, 2Institut de Génétique Humaine, UPR 1142 CNRS, 34396 Montpellier, France, 3Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia and 4INSERM, U589, 31432 Toulouse, France
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 33 4 73 17 81 71; Fax: 33 4 73 27 61 32; Email: Chantal.VAURY{at}inserm.u-clermont1.fr
Received December 1, 2006. Revised February 22, 2007. Accepted February 22, 2007.
Insulators play important roles in controlling gene activity and maintaining regulatory independence between neighbouring genes. In this article, we show that the enhancer-blocking activity of the insulator present within the LTR retrotransposon Idefix can be abolished if two copies of the region containing the insulatorspecifically, the long terminal repeat (LTR)are fused to the retrotransposon's 5' untranslated region (5' UTR). The presence of this combination of two [LTR-5' UTR] modules is a prerequisite for the loss of enhancer-blocking activity. We further show that the 5' UTR causes flanking genomic sequences to be displaced to the nuclear periphery, which is not observed when two insulators are present by themselves. This study thus provides a functional link between insulators and independent genomic modules, which may cooperate to allow the specific regulation of defined genomic loci via nuclear repositioning. It further illustrates the complexity of genomic regulation within a chromatic environment with multiple functional elements.
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