Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access originally published online on December 23, 2007
Nucleic Acids Research 2008 36(4):1176-1186; doi:10.1093/nar/gkm1142
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Nucleic Acids Research, 2008, Vol. 36, No. 4 1176-1186
© 2007 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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A conserved U-rich RNA region implicated in regulation of translation in Plasmodium female gametocytes
Department of Parasitology, Centre of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 141 330 3579; Fax: +44 141 330 5422; Email: waters{at}bio.gla.ac.uk
Received October 16, 2007. Revised November 22, 2007. Accepted December 7, 2007.
Translational repression (TR) plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and embryonic development in metazoans. TR also regulates the expression of a subset of the cytoplasmic mRNA population during development of fertilized female gametes of the unicellular malaria parasite, Plasmodium spp. which results in the formation of a polar and motile form, the ookinete. We report the conserved and sex-specific regulatory role of either the 3'- or 5'-UTR of a subset of translationally repressed mRNA species as shown by almost complete inhibition of expression of a GFP reporter protein in the female gametocyte. A U-rich, TR-associated element, identified previously in the 3'-UTR of TR-associated transcripts, played an essential role in mediating TR and a similar region could be found in the 5'-UTR shown in this study to be active in TR. The silencing effect of this 5'-UTR was shown to be independent of its position relative to its ORF, as transposition to a location 3' of the ORF did not affect TR. These results demonstrate for the first time in a unicellular organism that the 5' or the 3'-UTR of TR-associated transcripts play an important and conserved role in mediating TR in female gametocytes.
Present address: Andrew P. Waters, Department of Parasitology, University of Glasgow and Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Glasgow, Scotland, UK