Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access originally published online on June 10, 2009
Nucleic Acids Research 2009 37(14):e100; doi:10.1093/nar/gkp482
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Nucleic Acids Research, 2009, Vol. 37, No. 14 e100
© 2009 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Imaging individual microRNAs in single mammalian cells in situ
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 (215)898 8167; Fax: +1 (215)573 2071; Email: atsourk{at}seas.upenn.edu
Received February 11, 2009. Revised May 18, 2009. Accepted May 18, 2009.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent negative regulators of gene expression that have been implicated in most major cellular processes. Despite rapid advances in our understanding of miRNA biogenesis and mechanism, many fundamental questions still remain regarding miRNA function and their influence on cell cycle control. Considering recent reports on the impact of cell-to-cell fluctuations in gene expression on phenotypic diversity, it is likely that looking at the average miRNA expression of cell populations could result in the loss of important information connecting miRNA expression and cell function. Currently, however, there are no efficient techniques to quantify miRNA expression at the single-cell level. Here, a method is described for the detection of individual miRNA molecules in cancer cells using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The method combines the unique recognition properties of locked nucleic acid probes with enzyme-labeled fluorescence. Using this approach, individual miRNAs are identified as bright, photostable fluorescent spots. In this study, miR-15a was quantified in MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cells, while miR-155 was quantified in MCF-7 cells. The dynamic range was found to span over three orders of magnitude and the average miRNA copy number per cell was within 17.5% of measurements acquired by quantitative RT-PCR.
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