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Nucleic Acids Research, 1977, Vol. 4, No. 1 163-176
© 1977

Articles

Phosphorylated protamines.II. Circular dichroism of complexes with DNA, dependency on ionic strength

Lothar Willmitzer, Jürgen Bode and Karl G. Wagner

Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung, Abteilung Molekularbiologie, Braunschweig-Stöckheim, GFR

Received October 13, 1976. The influence of protamine phosphorylation upon the conformation of nucleoprotamine complexes was studied at different ionic strengths using circular dichroism. The sharp onset of CD spectral changes upon decreasing the NaC1 concentration was correlated with the beginning of complex formation and can be used to determine apparent binding affinities in terms of a critical ionic strength. It is shown that phosphorylation strongly reduces the binding strength of protamines towards DNA. Directly mixed and reconstituted complexes reveal differences in their CD spectra, which decrease with increasing ionic strength. Spectra of complexes between threefold phosphorylated clupeine Z and DNA obtained by reconstitution or direct mixing at higher ionic strength resemble the {psi}-type spectra of DNA and are unique for the phosphorylated species. The implications of protamine phosphorylation for chromatin or DNA condensation have been discussed.


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