Nucleic Acids Research, 1981, Vol. 9, No. 13 3047-3060
© 1981
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY |
A gel electrophoresis method for quantifying the binding of proteins to specific DNA regions: application to components of the Escherichia coli lactose operon regulatory system+
Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824, USA
Received April 21, 1981.
The use of gel electrophoresis for quantitative studies of DNA-protein interactions is described. This rapid and simple technique involves separation of free DNA from DNA-protein complexes based on differences in their electrophoretic mobilities in polyacrylamide gels. Under favorable conditions both unbound DNA and DNA associated with protein can be quantified.
This gel method is applied to the study of the E. coli lactose operon regulatory system. At ionic strengths in the physiological range, the catabolite activator protein (CAP) is shown to form a long-lived complex with the wild type lac promoter, but not with a CAP-insensitive mutant. Formation of a stable "open" or "melted-in" complex of RNA polymerase with the wild type promoter requires the participation of CAP and cyclic AMP. Further, it is demonstrated that even when pre-formed in the presence of CAP-cAMP, the polymerase-promoter open complex becomes unstable if CAP is then selectively removed.
+A preliminary report of this work was presented at the 2nd "Conversation in the Discipline Biomolecular Stereodynamics", Albany, NY, April, 1981.
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