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Nucleic Acids Research, 1981, Vol. 9, No. 15 3863-3872
© 1981

CHEMISTRY

Characterization of radiation damage to DNA by reaction with borohydride

Karl A. Schellenberg, James Shaeffer, Richard K. Nichols and Denise Gates

Department of Biochemistry and Department of Radiation Oncology and Biophysics, Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk, VA 23501, USA

Received April 28, 1981. Irradiation of aqueous solutions of native calf thymus DNA with x-rays produced functional groups that reacted with sodium borohydride. The DNA was labeled with tritium from NaB3H4 to the extent of 2.0 x 10–10 atom/dalton/rad. The presence of cysteamine or other radical scavengers, or saturation of the solution with nitrogen during irradiation decreased the labeling. After mild acid hydrolysis, the major tritiumcontaining moiety was identical with 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid in all chromatographic systems tested. The suggested mechanism of labeling involved reduction by borohydride of the potential aldehyde at carbon 6 of thymine glycol residues present in the irradiated DNA.


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