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Nucleic Acids Research, 1981, Vol. 9, No. 18 4509-4524
© 1981

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Human immunoglobulin heavy chain genes: evolutionary comparisons of Cµ, C{delta} and C{gamma} genes and associated switch sequences

T.H. Rabbitts, A. Forster and Celia P. Milstein*

Laboratory of Molecular Biology The MRC Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK

Received June 26, 1981.

Human immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region genes have been characterised in isolated clones. The human Cµ gene comprises discrete domains for Cµ1, Cµ2, Cµ3 and Cµ4 + tp separated by short intervening sequences. The C{delta} gene has been located about 5 kb downstream of Cµ4. Furthermore, the coding segments for the membrane form of µ have been located 1.9 kb downstream of Cµ4. Tandemly repeated sequences implicated in the heavy chain class switch occur upstream of the Cµ and the C{gamma} genes, but none were detected near the C{delta} gene. These tandem repeats are very homologous to those of mouse. Particularly common is the sequence G-A-G-C-T. These data suggest that the µ to {gamma} switch in humans involves DNA rearrangements of the CH-genes and subsequent deletion of DNA, but that the coexpression of Cµ and C{delta} genes results from different mechanisms.

*Permanent address: Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham, Cambridge, UK


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