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Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access published online on October 2, 2008
Nucleic Acids Research, doi:10.1093/nar/gkn656
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© 2008 The Author(s)
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Database Issue

ARDB—Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database

Bo Liu1 and Mihai Pop1,2,*

1Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and 2Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 301 405 7245; Fax: +1 301 314 1341; Email: mpop{at}umiacs.umd.edu

Received August 14, 2008. Revised September 15, 2008. Accepted September 16, 2008.

The treatment of infections is increasingly compromised by the ability of bacteria to develop resistance to antibiotics through mutations or through the acquisition of resistance genes. Antibiotic resistance genes also have the potential to be used for bio-terror purposes through genetically modified organisms. In order to facilitate the identification and characterization of these genes, we have created a manually curated database—the Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database (ARDB)—unifying most of the publicly available information on antibiotic resistance. Each gene and resistance type is annotated with rich information, including resistance profile, mechanism of action, ontology, COG and CDD annotations, as well as external links to sequence and protein databases. Our database also supports sequence similarity searches and implements an initial version of a tool for characterizing common mutations that confer antibiotic resistance. The information we provide can be used as compendium of antibiotic resistance factors as well as to identify the resistance genes of newly sequenced genes, genomes, or metagenomes. Currently, ARDB contains resistance information for 13 293 genes, 377 types, 257 antibiotics, 632 genomes, 933 species and 124 genera. ARDB is available at http://ardb.cbcb.umd.edu/.


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