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Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access published online on September 29, 2009
Nucleic Acids Research, doi:10.1093/nar/gkp776
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© The Author(s) 2009. Published by Oxford University Press.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Methods Online

Bicistronic DNA display for in vitro selection of Fab fragments

Takeshi Sumida, Nobuhide Doi and Hiroshi Yanagawa*

Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81 45 566 1775; Fax: +81 45 566 1440; Email: hyana{at}bio.keio.ac.jp Correspondence may also be addressed to Nobuhide Doi. Tel: +81 45 566 1772; Fax: +81 45 566 1440; Email: doi{at}bio.keio.ac.jp

Received July 20, 2009. Revised August 25, 2009. Accepted September 4, 2009.

In vitro display methods are superior tools for obtaining monoclonal antibodies. Although totally in vitro display methods, such as ribosome display and mRNA display, have the advantages of larger library sizes and quicker selection procedures compared with phage display, their applications have been limited to single-chain Fvs due to the requirement for linking of the mRNA and the nascent protein on the ribosome. Here we describe a different type of totally in vitro method, DNA display, that is applicable to heterodimeric Fab fragments: in vitro compartmentalization in water-in-oil emulsions allows the linking of an oligomeric protein and its encoding DNA with multiple ORFs. Since previously used emulsions impaired the synthesis of functional Fab fragments, we modified conditions for preparing emulsions, and identified conditions under which it was possible to enrich Fab fragments 106-fold per three rounds of affinity selection. Furthermore, we confirmed that genes encoding stable Fab fragments could be selected from a Fab fragment library with a randomized hydrophobic core in the constant region by applying heat treatment as a selection pressure. Since this method has all advantages of both phage display and totally in vitro display, it represents a new option for many applications using display methods.


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