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Nucleic Acids Research Advance Access published online on October 20, 2009
Nucleic Acids Research, doi:10.1093/nar/gkp829
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© The Author(s) 2009. Published by Oxford University Press.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Sequence-non-specific effects of RNA interference triggers and microRNA regulators

Marta Olejniczak, Paulina Galka and Wlodzimierz J. Krzyzosiak*

Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +48 618528503; Fax: +48 618520532; Email: wlodkrzy{at}ibch.poznan.pl

Received July 24, 2009. Revised September 1, 2009. Accepted September 20, 2009.

RNA reagents of diverse lengths and structures, unmodified or containing various chemical modifications are powerful tools of RNA interference and microRNA technologies. These reagents which are either delivered to cells using appropriate carriers or are expressed in cells from suitable vectors often cause unintended sequence-non-specific immune responses besides triggering intended sequence-specific silencing effects. This article reviews the present state of knowledge regarding the cellular sensors of foreign RNA, the signaling pathways these sensors mobilize and shows which specific features of the RNA reagents set the responsive systems on alert. The representative examples of toxic effects caused in the investigated cell lines and tissues by the RNAs of specific types and structures are collected and may be instructive for further studies of sequence-non-specific responses to foreign RNA in human cells.


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