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Nucleic Acids Research, 1985, Vol. 13, No. 2 521-535
© 1985

Articles

Recent amplification of an alpha satellite DNA in humans

Kendall M. Gray, James W. White, Carl Costanzi1, David Gillespie1, Wanda T. Schroeder, Bruno Calabretta and Grady F. Saunders

Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Univ. Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute Houston, TX 77030 1Barry Ashbee Leukemia Research Labs., Orlowitz Cancer Inst., Hahnemann Medical Univ. Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA

Received August 20, 1984. Revised December 26, 1984. Accepted December 26, 1984.

A repeat sequence 682 base pairs (bp) long produced by cleavage of human DNA with Xba I restriction enzyme is composed of four tandemly arranged subunits with lengths of 171, 170, 171, and 170 bp each. The sequence organization of the 682 bp Xba I repeat bears a striking resemblance to other complex satellite DNAs of primates, including the Eco RI human alpha satellite family which also occurs as a 170 bp repeat. The Eco RI tetramer and the 682 bp Xba I repeat show a sequence divergence of 21%. The 682 bp Xba I repeat sequence is restricted to humans and is only distantly related to the previously reported 340 bp Xba human repeated DNA sequence.

These finding are consistant with the concept of occasional amplifications of members or groups of members of alpha satellite DNA during human evolution. Amplifications apparently occurred after hwnans, apes and gibbons diverged from Old World monkeys (Eco RI satellite), after humans and apes diverged from gibbons (340 bp Xba I satellite after humans diverged from the great apes (682 bp Xba I satellite).


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