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Nucleic Acids Research, 1988, Vol. 16, No. 19 9233-9251
© 1988

Articles

The left end of rat L1 (L1Rn, long interspersed repeated) DNA which is a CpG island can function as a promoter

Israel Nur+, Esterina Pascale and Anthony V. Furano*

Section on Genomic Structure and Function, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases NIH, Building 8, Room 203, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

*To whom correspondence should be addressed

Received April 25, 1988. Accepted September 6, 1988.

Here we report that the 600 bp promoter-like region at the left end of a newly isolated and characterized rat L1 DNA element can activate the prokaryotic chloramphenicol acyltransferase gene in a rat cell line. Activation only occurs when the promoter region is oriented to the transferase gene as it is to the L1 protein encoding sequences and is 75% inhibited by methylation of Just 5 of the 22 CpGs present in the promoter. The G + C rich promoter contains enough CpGs to qualify it as a CpG island, but in contrast to other CpG islands, genomic L1 promoters are fully methylated in both somatic cell and sperm DNA as judged by restriction enzyme analysis. Partial demethylation of the genomic promoters by treatment with 5-azacytidine failed to produce discrete L1 transcripts. The relationship of methylation to the evolutionary history and fate of the rat L1 promoter is discussed.

+Present address: Orgenics, Ltd, PO Box 360, Yavne 70650, Israel


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