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Nucleic Acids Research, 2000, Vol. 28, No. 10 2128-2134
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Tethered naphthalene diimide-based intercalators for DNA triplex stabilization

Diego A. Gianolio, Joanna M. Segismundo and Larry W. McLaughlin*

Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA

The synthesis and triplex stabilizing properties of oligodeoxyribonucleotides functionalized at the 5'- and/or 3'-termini with a naphthalene diimide-based (NDI) intercalator is described. The NDI intercalator was prepared in a single step from the corresponding dianhydride and was attached to the 5'-terminus of an oligodeoxyribonucleotide following a reverse coupling procedure. The DMT protecting group was removed and the sequence phosphitylated to generate the phosphoramidite derivative on the 5'-terminus of the support-bound oligodeoxyribonucleotide. The NDI intercalator with a free hydroxyl was then added in the presence of tetrazole. Attachment of the NDI to the 3'-terminus relied upon a tethered amino group that could be functionalized first with the naphthalene dianhydride, which was subsequently converted to the diimide. Using both procedures, an oligonucleo­tide conjugate was prepared having the NDI intercalator at both the 5'- and 3'-termini. Thermal denaturation studies were used to determine the remarkable gain in stability for triplexes formed when the NDI-conjugated oligonucleotide was present as the third strand in the complex.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 617 552 3622; Fax: +1 617 552 2705; Email: larry.mclaughlin@bc.edu


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