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Nucleic Acids Research, 2002, Vol. 30, No. 8 1842-1850
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Downstream sequence elements with different affinities for the hnRNP H/H' protein influence the processing efficiency of mammalian polyadenylation signals

George K. Arhin, Monika Boots, Paramjeet S. Bagga1, Christine Milcarek2 and Jeffrey Wilusz*

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ–New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA, 1School of Theoretical and Applied Science, Ramapo College of New Jersey, 505 Ramapo Valley Road, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA and 2Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA

Auxiliary factors likely play an important role in determining the polyadenylation efficiency of mammalian pre-mRNAs. We previously identified an auxiliary factor, hnRNP H/H', which stimulates 3'-end processing through an interaction with sequences downstream of the core elements of the SV40 late polyadenylation signal. Using in vitro reconstitution assays we have demonstrated that hnRNP H/H' can stimulate processing of two additional model polyadenylation signals by binding at similar relative downstream locations but with significantly different affinities. A short tract of G residues was determined to be a common property of all three hnRNP H/H' binding sites. A survey of mammalian polyadenylation signals identified potential G-rich hnRNP H/H' binding sites at similar downstream locations in ~34% of these signals. All of the novel G-rich elements tested were found to bind hnRNP H/H' protein and the processing of selected signals identified in the survey was stimulated by the protein both in vivo and in vitro. Downstream G-rich tracts, therefore, are a common auxiliary element in mammalian polyadenylation signals. Sequences capable of binding hnRNP H protein with varying affinities may play a role in determining the processing efficiency of a significant number of mammalian polyadenylation signals.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 973 972 5218; Fax: +1 973 972 3644; Email: wilusz{at}umdnj.edu


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