Published online 2 February 2004
Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, No. 2 669-680
© 2004 Oxford University Press
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) and p53 independently function in regulating double-strand break repair in primate cells
1 Universitätsfrauenklinik, Prittwitzstrasse 43, D-89075 Ulm, 2 Heinrich-Pette-Institut für Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie an der Universität Hamburg, Martinistraße 52, D-20251 Hamburg and 3 Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 731 500 27640; Fax: +49 731 500 26674; Email: lisa.wiesmueller{at}medizin.uni-ulm.de
PARP-1 is rapidly activated by DNA strand breaks, which finally leads to the modulation of multiple protein activities in DNA replication, DNA repair and checkpoint control. PARP-1 may be involved in homologous recombination, and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 represents one possible mechanism that activates p53 as a recombination surveillance factor. Here, we examined the influence of PARP-1 on homology-directed double-strand break (DSB) repair by use of a fluorescence- and I-SceI- meganuclease-based assay with either episomal or chromosomally integrated DNA substrates. Surprisingly, the transient expression of both full-length PARP-1 and of a dominant negative mutant, retaining the DNA-binding but lacking the catalytic domain, down-regulated DSB repair in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was seen regardless of p53 status, however, with enhanced inhibition in the presence of wild-type p53. Taken together, our data reveal that PARP-1 overexpression counteracts DSB repair independently of its enzymatic activity and of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 in particular, but synergizes with p53 in suppressing chromosomal rearrangements.
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