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Published online 11 February 2004

Nucleic Acids Research, 2004, Vol. 32, No. 3 977-988
© 2004 Oxford University Press

The genome sequence of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 reveals metabolic adaptations and a large plasmid related to Bacillus anthracis pXO1

David A. Rasko, Jacques Ravel, Ole Andreas Økstad1,2, Erlendur Helgason1, Regina Z. Cer, Lingxia Jiang, Kelly A. Shores, Derrick E. Fouts, Nicolas J. Tourasse1, Samuel V. Angiuoli, James Kolonay, William C. Nelson, Anne-Brit Kolstø1,2, Claire M. Fraser and Timothy D. Read*

The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1 The Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, PB 1125, Oslo N-0316, Norway and 2 School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PB 1068, Oslo N-0316, Norway

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 301 984 4973; Fax: +1 301 984 4979; Email: ReadT{at}NMRC.NAVY.MIL
Present addresses:
Timothy D. Read, Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA and Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20851 USA+AE017194 and AE017195

We sequenced the complete genome of Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987, a non-lethal dairy isolate in the same genetic subgroup as Bacillus anthracis. Comparison of the chromosomes demonstrated that B.cereus ATCC 10987 was more similar to B.anthracis Ames than B.cereus ATCC 14579, while containing a number of unique metabolic capabilities such as urease and xylose utilization and lacking the ability to utilize nitrate and nitrite. Additionally, genetic mechanisms for variation of capsule carbohydrate and flagella surface structures were identified. Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 contains a single large plasmid (pBc10987, of ~208 kb, that is similar in gene content and organization to B.anthracis pXO1 but is lacking the pathogenicity-associated island containing the anthrax lethal and edema toxin complex genes. The chromosomal similarity of B.cereus ATCC 10987 to B.anthracis Ames, as well as the fact that it contains a large pXO1-like plasmid, may make it a possible model for studying B.anthracis plasmid biology and regulatory cross-talk.


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